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1、1.This electron beam sweeps across each line at a uniform rate，then flies back to scan another line directly below the previous one and so on，until the horizontal lines into which it is desired to break or split the picture have been scanned in the desired sequence电子束以均匀的速率扫描每一行，然后飞速返回去扫描下一行，直到把被扫描的
2、图像按所希望的顺序分割成行。2.The technical possibilities could well exist，therefore，of nation-wide integrated transmission network of high capacity，controlled by computers，interconnected globally by satellite and submarine cable，providing speedy and reliable communications throughout the word因此，在技术上完全可能实现全国性的集成发
3、送网络。这种网络容量大，由计算机控制，并能通过卫星和海底电缆实现全球互联，提供世界范围的高速、可靠的通信。3.Transit time is the primary factor which limits the ability of a transistor to operate at high frequency渡越时间是限制晶体管高频工作能力的主要因素4.The intensity of sound is inversely proportional to the square of the distance measured from the source of the sound.声
4、强与到声源的距离的平方成反比。5.The attenuation of the filter is nearly constant to within 0.5 dB over the entire frequency band该滤波器的衰减近于恒定, 整个频带内的变化在 0.5 dB 以内。6.At present, the state of most semiconductor device technology is such that the device design and process technology must be supplemented by screening an
5、d inspection procedures, if ultimate device reliability is to be obtained and controlled目前, 大多数半导体器件的技术尚未十分完善, 以至若要获得并控制器件最终的可靠性, 就必须辅以筛选和检验, 以弥补设计和工艺技术之不足7.Bandwidth of transistor amplifiers vary from about 250 MHz in the L band to 1000 MHz in the X band晶体管放大器的带宽在 L 波段约为 250 MHz, 在 X 波段为 1000 MHz。8
6、.The output of the differential amplifier is fed to the circuits output stage via an offset-compensation network, which causes the op-amps output to center at zero volts. The output stage takes the form of a complementary emitter follower, and provides a low-impedance output.差动放大级的输出通过一个失调补偿网络与输出级相连
7、, 目的是使运放的输出以 0 V 为中心。 输出级采用互补的射极跟随器的形式以使输出阻抗很低9.Because of the very high open-loop voltage gain of the op-amp, the output is driven into positive saturation (close to +V) when the sample voltage goes slightly above the reference voltage, and driven into negative saturation (close to-V) when the samp
8、le voltage goes slightly below the reference voltage.由于运放的开环电压增益很高, 当取样电压略高于参考电压时, 输出趋向于正向饱和状态( 接近+V)。 当取样电压低于参考电压时, 输出趋向于负向饱和状态(接近-V)。10.If the signal source were direct connected instead of capacitor coupled, there would be a low resistance path from the base to the negative supply line, and this
9、would affect the circuit bias conditions.如果信号源和电路不是用电容耦合而是直接相连，从基极到负电源线就会一个低阻通路，并且这将影响到电路偏置状态11.The differential amplifier has a high-impedance (constant-current)“tail” to give it a high input impedance and a high degree of common-mode signal rejection. It also has a high-impedance collector (or dra
10、in) load, to give it a large amount of signal-voltage gain (typically about 100 dB).差动放大极有一个高阻抗的“尾巴” （恒流源）以提供高输入阻抗和对共模信号的深度抑制，同时，它还具有一个高阻抗和集电极或漏极负载以提供高的信号电压增益（典型的数据是 100dB).12.On the other hand, a DC negative-logic system, as in Figure 3.6(b), is one which designates the more negative voltage state
11、of the bit as the 1 level and the more positive as the 0 level.另一方面, 如图 3.6(b)所示, 把比特的较低的电压状态记为 1 电平, 较高的电压状态记为 0 电平, 这样的系统称为直流负逻辑系统。13.For example, to represent the 10 numerals (0, 1, 2, , 9) and the 26 letters of the English alphabet would require 36 different combinations of 1s and 0s. Since 2526
12、,所以,为了能表示所有的字母和数字，要求每个字节最少要 6 个比特。14.A 1 signifies the existence of a positive pulse in a dynamic positive-logic system; a negative pulse denotes a 1 in a dynamic negative-logic system; a 0 at a particular input (or output) at a given instant of time designates that no pulse is present at that parti
13、cular moment.在动态正逻辑系统中，1 表示有一个正脉冲存在，而在负逻辑系统中，负脉冲表示为 1。不管那种系统，某一时刻在某一输入端（或输出端）的 0，均表示此刻无脉冲。15.Intergraded circuits are also classified according to their functions. Digital or logical IC are used as switches, they are either on or off. In computers the on and off states correspond to 0 or 1.Other IC
14、is called linear or analog IC.也可根据其功能不同对集成电路进行分类。 数字 IC(也称为逻辑 IC)通常用作开关, 表示接通或关断。 在计算机中, 接通和关断状态分别对应“0”或“1” 。 另一种 IC 被称为线性或模拟 IC。 16.The reduction in power dissipation is particularly important where a complex circuit is to be concentrated into a small space. The problem of extracting the heat gener
15、ated in the circuit may then be a difficult one.减小功率损耗是非常重要的, 其方法是将一个复杂的电子线路集成为一小块。 这使得释放电路工作时产生的热量变成一个难题。17.Both N-type and P-type semiconductors are made by treated materials, such as germanium and silicon with impurities such as arsenic and indium.N 型半导体和 P 型半导体是利用杂质掺入纯净半导体而形成的, 如将杂质砷和铟掺入锗和硅中18.I
16、n addition, the signal processor may also add parity bits to the digital word to provide channel coding so that error detection and correction can be used by the signal processor in the receiver to reduce or eliminate bit errors that are caused by noise in the channel.此外, 信号处理器还可以给数码字加入奇偶校验位, 即提供信道编码, 使得接收机的信号处理器可以进行误码检测和纠错, 以减少或消除由信道噪声所引起的误码。19.Furthermore, we shall prove that a minimum theoretical sampling frequency of order 6.8 kilohertz (kHz) is required to c
