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1、2011 年中考英语专项复习之形容词、副词第 - 1 - 页 共 6 页形容词和副词【考点直击】1. 形容词的用法；2. 副词的用法；3. 形容词和副词原级、比较级 、最高 级的用法；4. 形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。【名师点睛】1. 形容词的用法 (1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。 例如：Our country is a beautiful country. （作定语）The fish went bad. （作表语）We keep our classroom clean and tidy. （作宾语补足语）(2) 形容词修饰something, anything, not
2、hing, everything等不定代词时,形容 词放在名词后面。 I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in the film.？ (3) 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起 进一步解释的作用。 Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. You can take any box away, big or small. (4) the形容词表示一类人
3、或物作主语时谓语用复数。常见的这类形容词有：young，old，rich，poor，blind，deaf（聋）等。The rich should help the poor.2. 副词的用法(1) 副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。 He studies very hard. （作状语）Life here is full of joy. （作定 语）When will you be back? （作表语）副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类：1)时间副词时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常 见的时间副词有：now， today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, e
4、arly, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always 等。例如：He often comes to school late.What are we going to do tomorrow?He is never been to Beijing.2)地点副词地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常 见的地点副词有：here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off,
5、on, in, out 等。例如：I met an old friend of mine on my way home.He went upstairs.Put down your name here.3)方式副词方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的？”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly 构成的, 有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly, 它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：anxiously 渴望地, badly, bravely 勇敢地, calmly 平静地 , carefully, proudly, rapidly 迅速地, suddenly 突然 , successfully, an
6、grily, happily, slowly, warmly 热烈地 , well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight 直接地, wide 宽，等。例如：The old man walked home slowly.Please listen to the teacher carefully.The birds are flying high.He runs very fast.4)程度副词程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见 的程度副词有：much, (a) little, a bit, very,
7、so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely, nearly, almost, deeply 深深地, hardly, partly 等。例如：Her pronunciation is very good.She sings quite well.I can hardly agree with you.5)疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑 问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：how, when, where, why 等。例如：How are you getting along with your studies?Where were
8、 you yesterday?Why did you do that?(2)副词在句中的位置1)多数副词作状语时放在动词 之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。例如：Mr Smith works very hard.She speaks English well.2)频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和 be 动词之后。例如：He usually gets up early.Ive never heard him singing.2011 年中考英语专项复习之形容词、副词第 - 2 - 页 共 6 页She is seldom ill.3)程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容
9、词和副词的前面, 但 enough 作副词用时，通常放在被修 饰词的后面。例如：It is a rather difficult job.He runs very fast.He didnt work hard enough.4)副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后。例如：On my way home, I met my uncle.The students there have a lot time to do their own research work.(3)部分常用副词的用法1) very, much这两个副词都可表示“很” ，但用法不同。Very 用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而
10、much 用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如：She is a very nice girlIm feeling much better now.Much 可以修饰动词，而 very 则不能。例如：I dont like the idea much.They did not talk much.2) too, either这两个副词都表示“也” ，但 too 用于肯定句， either 用于否定句。例如：She can dance, and I can dance, too.I havent read the book and my brother hasnt either.3) alread
11、y, yetalready 一般用于 语肯定句，yet 一般用于否定句。例如：He has already left.Have you heard from him yet?He hasnt answered yet.4) so, neitherso 和 neither 都可用于倒装句， 但 so 表示肯定，neither表示否定。例如：My brother likes football and so do I.My brother doesnt like dancing and neither do I.3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级(1) 两个人或事物的比较时（不一定每一方只有一个人或
12、一个事物）用比较级。Our teacher is taller than we are. The boys in her class are taller than the boys in your class.(2) most 同形容词连用而不用 the,表示 极,很,非常, 十分。 Its most dangerous to be here. 在这儿太危险。 (3) The+形容词比较级., the+形容词比较级.表示 越. 就越. 。 The more you study, the more you know. (4) 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 , 表示 越来越. 。
13、Its getting hotter and hotter. Our hometown is getting more and more beautiful.(注意多音节比较级用more and more+adj)(5) 主语+谓语(系动词)+as+ 形容词原形+as+ 从句。表示两者对比相同。 This box is as big as mine. （谓语是系动词时两个as之间用形容词）He writes as carefully as his brother .(谓语是一般动词时两个as之间用副词)(6) the + 形容词 表示某种人。 He always helps the poor.
14、 The rich are not always happy .(7) 形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。句中常有of all ，in his class ，one of等提示性词语。形容词最高级前面的the 不能省略。 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.（8）在of the two结构中比较级前加the。She is the younger of the two .Lily is the shorter of the twins .4. 比较时用注意的几个问题：1）比较的双方要同类。如：My pen is as
15、new as his.(比较的是pen因此第二个as 后不能用人称代词him)2）避免和自己比较要用other或else如：He is cleverer than the other students in his class .(同一个范围内用other排除自己)=He is cleverer than any other student in his class .(student用单数 )=He is cleverer than anyone else in his class .3)比较替换用that /those如：The weather in Shanghai is much ho
16、tter than that in Beijing.The students from Class Two are much taller than those from Class One .4)加强比较级的词有a little , a bit ,much , a lot, lots 2011 年中考英语专项复习之形容词、副词第 - 3 - 页 共 6 页,even, still , far 等。如：The apple is still redder .5)比较时倍数的表达法：倍数表达法： A + 谓语+倍数+the +n.(size/ height/ length/width)+of B A的大小/高度/长度/宽度/ 是B的- 倍 A + 谓语+倍数+as + abj. + as B A的-是B 的-倍 A + 谓语+倍数+adj. 比较级+t
