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1、动词不定式,主动 被动 to do to be done to be doing / to have done to have been done,否定式：not/never + to do,一般式,进行式,完成式,（1）一般式：to do; to be done表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后， 例如：He pretended to understand nothing. (_)The patient asked to be operated on at once. (_)（2）进行式：to be doingto be doing 表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例
2、如： Dont disturb him. He seems to be thinking about something important.他们假装在吵架。_.,同时,之后,Thy pretended to be quarreling,（3）完成式：主动：to have done 被动： to have been done表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：I can tell you about the film because I happen to have seen the film. He seems _(听到过)some good news. He is so happy.据
3、说他被警察带走了。He is said _.,to have heard,to have been taken away by the police.,不定式的句法功能： 1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 眼见为实。_. 2)常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 多吃点蔬菜和水果是明智的选择。_.,to see is to believe,It is a wise choice to eat more ve
4、getables and fruit.,常用句式有：1、It+be+名词/形容词+to do2、It takes (sb.)+sth+to do：一个巴掌拍不响。_.3、It+be+形容词+for sb +to do4、It+be+形容词+of sb.+to do(常用: careless, careful; clever, wise, silly, stupid, foolish; honest, kind, nice, cruel, lazy, 等表示赞扬或批评人的形容词，句子可以转换成人作主语):It was wise of you to follow the doctors advic
5、e.=You were wise to follow the doctors advice.,It takes two to make a quarrel.,（2）作表语： 联系动词+ to do 1）Her job now is to clean the hall. 2）He seems _ something disgraceful(不光彩的), for him looks so nervous. A. do B. to have done C. to be done D. to have been done3）What I want to do now is _ a good rest.
6、 Im so tired. A. have B. having C. to have had D. have had,B,A,（3）作宾语： vt. + to do1)vt. + to do：(decide, expect, want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, etc.)He didnt agree to lend me any money.Im sorry. I didnt _ you.A. mean hurting B. need
7、 to hurt C hope to have hurt D. mean to hurtHe is so busy with his Senior 3 studies that he cant help _ any house work.A. doing B. do C. to doing D. to be doing,D,B,2)vt. + it + adj./n.(宾语补足语) + to do I think it impossible to get him to change his mind. He has _ _ _(每天早晨喝杯冷开水的习惯)。3)介词+ (to) do I hav
8、e no choice but to stay here. He did nothing but _ last Sunday. A. to surf the Internet B. play online games C. chatting online D. to watch online films,made it a rule to drink a glass of cold boiled water each morning .,B,（4）作宾语补足语： 1)vt. + 宾语 + (to) do： (want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit,
9、help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite etc.) 2)with + 宾语 + to do (表示将来动作) With a lot of work _, he didnt go to the cinema. With all the work _, he went to the cinema.A. to do B. done C. doing D. to have been done,A,B,有些动词(11个半动词)make, have, let, see, hear, wa
10、tch, feel, notice, observe, look at, listen to, (help)等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to, 如： I saw him cross the road. He was seen _ I suddenly heard my name _ by a low voice from behind in the darkness. A. calling B. to call C. called D. call特别注意：hope/suggest/agree/demand等后面不能跟sb to do.,to cross the ro
11、ad.,C,（5）作定语：动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系：动宾关系： I have a meeting to attend. 注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如： He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing _(可担心的). What language did Marks write his book “the Civil War in France” _? A. / B. by C. with D. inThe mail is not for m
12、e. It is another Mr Smith who is the person to _.A. to send it B. to send it to C. to send to D. to be sent for,to worry about,D,B,如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词： He has no place to live. This is the best way to work out this problem. have sth to do与have sth to be done: I cant go home now because I
13、have another document _ for the manager.The secretary asked the manager if he had any more documents _.A. to type B. typed C. to be typed D. typed说明所修饰名词的内容：We have made a plan to finish the work. 要是我有机会去太空旅行该多好！_.,A,C,If only I would have a chance to travel in space!,主谓关系: be the first/second- to do He is always the first person to come to school and the last to leave every day. 在我看来，你是最不适合干这个工作的人。_. The first Chinese _ in space was Yan Liwei. A. traveled B. having traveled C. to travel D. traveling,
