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1、Grammar Review 设计者：李少平2015-6-2,The Passive Voice (被动语态）,动词的被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。当主动句变为被动句时，原来的宾语变成了主语，原来的主语变成了介词by 的宾语。主动句与被动句的结构虽然不同，但动作的执行者和承受者的关系并没有改变。,He plants trees in spring.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Trees,are planted,by,him,改为被动语态,in spring.,His brother washes bowls every day.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,are washed
2、,by,his brother,every day.,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,被动语态七种基本形式,am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时2) has /have been done 现在完成时 3)was/were done 一般过去时 4)had been done 过去完成时,Visitors are asked not to touch the tigers.,All the preparations have been
3、 completed,I was given ten minutes to decide.,By the end of last year, hundreds of trees had been cut down.,5) will be done 一般将来时 6） would be done 过去将来时 7）情态动词的被动结构其形式为：情态动词(can/must/may/should等）be过去分词。,Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.,The news would be sent to the soldiers mothe
4、r as soon as it arrived.,The baby can be taken good care of by the old man.,Article2_popwin_radio,英语中用主动表被动的几种特殊情况,连系动词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语态形式。但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste 等)可用主动表被动：,The building looks very beautiful. 这座建筑看上去很美。Her voice sounded quite sweet.她的声音听起来非常甜美。,3. 在need, want,
5、 require等少数表示“需要”的 动词后的动名词用主动形式表被动意义。,2. be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动。,The house needs cleaning. 房子需要打扫了。These children require looking after. 这些孩子需要照看。,The house needs to be cleaned. These children require to be looked after.,This movie is worth seeing. 这部影片值得一看。 The problem is not worth discussing. 这个问题不值
6、得讨论。,4、是不是所有的动词都有被动语态？ 所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。 这类动词或短语如：take place(发生)，happen(发生)，come out(出版)，run out appear(出现)，disappear(消失)，die , come true 等。,使役动词make let ;感官动词watch see listen to hear notice等，在主动语态中，通常接动词原形；在被动语态中，通常接动词不定式。,The boss made the workers do lots of work every day.,The workers w
7、ere made to do lots of work every day.,1.They make shoes in that factory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词,变为被动语态,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词,3Amy can take good care of Gina
8、 ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,4.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般将来时：S+ will+be+过去分词,5We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词,1.People use
9、 knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,EXERCISES,are used,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in
10、 time.She _ _ to return the book in time.,The ticket was found,was told,5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,was made to have,can be,used,7. Did you plant many trees at this time
11、 last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?,Were many trees planted,Must be finished,9.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.10.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this
12、factory.,was asked,is done,11.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.12.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,13.The students study German in this school.German _ _ by the students in this school.14.Do th
13、ey often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?,is studied,Is,talked,by them,1)Teenagers should _ (allow) to go out at night.2)The telephone _ (invent) by Bell.3) English _ (speak) in China.4) The car _ (make) in China.5) The room must _ (clean) every day.,be allowed,was invente
14、d,is spoken,is made,be cleaned,Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given in the brackets.,The bridge ( build) last year. The Olympic Games (hold) every four years.His new book (publish) next month. The classroom (not clean) yet.,was built,are held,will be published,has not been cleaned,Read text-1,5. She said the report (type) by Li Mei for two weeks. 6. Miss Li said the book (give) to the students the next morning.,
