《【中学教案】2013届新课标高考英语精华知识点-专题05 动词的-ing形式教案》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【中学教案】2013届新课标高考英语精华知识点-专题05 动词的-ing形式教案（13页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、2013届新课标高考英语精华知识点终极解密专题 05 动词的-ing 形式动词的-ing 形式包括传统语法的“动名词” （gerund ）和“ 现在分词”（present participle）两个部分。动词的-ing 形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、 宾语补足语和状语。一、 动词-ing 形式的特征和种类与动词不定式一样，动词的-ing 形式也具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带状语、宾语等。A.动词 -ing 形式的一般式1. 动词-ing 形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。Swimming is h
2、er favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。2. 动词-ing 形式的一般式可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作。They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。She listened carefully to her neighbours speaking. 她倾听她邻居的讲话。3. 动词-ing 形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。I remembered send
3、ing him an e-mail last week. 我记得上星期给他发过一份电子邮件。He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. 他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园。B. 动词-ing 形式的完成式动词的-ing 形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 在这个城市生活了 3 年，她对这里已很熟悉。I really regretted having
4、 missed such an exciting lecture. 错过了这么振奋人心的演讲，我真的很遗憾。注意：在现代英语中，作宾语的-ing 形式的完成式可用一般式来代替。I really regretted missing such an exciting lecture. 错过了这么振奋人心的演讲，我真的很遗憾。(=I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture.)We remembered seeing the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。(=We remembered having seen the film
5、. )C. 动词-ing 形式的被动形式动词的-ing 形式的被动形式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing 形式表示的动作的承受者。1一般式的被动形式The question being discussed is very important. 正在讨论的问题很重要。I cant stand being kept waiting. 我不堪久候。2完成式的被动形式I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team. 我听说他被选为球队的教练。Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see
6、 the school library.在被带去看了实验室之后，我们又被带去参观校图书馆。D. 动词-ing 形式的否定形式 动词的-ing 形式的否定形式是由 not 加动词的-ing 形式构成。His not coming made everyone present very disappointed. 他没来使在场的每个人都很失望。Im sorry for not being present at the meeting in time. 我很抱歉没能按时赴会。Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and
7、 wait. 不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。二、 动词的-ing 形式的用法A 动词的-ing 形式作主语1动词的-ing 形式可直接置于句首作主语。Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。Learning about a language is easier than using it. 学习有关语言的知识比使用语言容易
8、。Being invited to the party was a great honor to the family. 被邀请参加晚会是这家人的荣耀。2为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词 it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末。It is easy making plans, but it is difficult carrying them. 制定计划很容易，实行它却很难。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。Its a waste of time arguing about it. 争论这事是浪费时间。必背：动词的-ing 形式
9、作主语的几个常用句型。Its no good talking to him. 和他谈话是没有用的。It is useless telephoning him. He is not willing to come. 给他打电话没用。他不愿意来。Its worth making an effort. 努力一下是值得的。There is no saying when it will stop raining. 无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。B动词的-ing 形式作表语动词的-ing 形式作表语的有两种不同的
10、含义：1表示主语的内容是什么。Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。The real question is getting to know the needs of the students. 真正的问题是了解学生的需要。His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是集邮。2表示主语具有的特征。The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。It was astonishing to see the animals and
11、 plants that are found nowhere else in the world. 看到了世界上其它地方找不到的动植物真是令人惊讶。The food at the dinner party did not seem very inviting. 宴会上的食物似乎并不诱人。比较：一般说来，动词的-ing 形式表示一般性、习惯性的动作，或抽象性的动作，时间概念不强。而动词不定式表示的动作往往是具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。Smoking is forbidden here. 这里禁止吸烟。（泛指）Its not good for you to smoke so much.
12、 吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。（具体）They prefer staying indoors when the weather is cold. 天冷时他们喜欢呆在室内。（泛指）Would you prefer to stay at home this evening 今晚你想待在家里吗？（具体C动词的-ing 形式作宾语动词的-ing 形式既可作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。1作动词的宾语 能用-ing 形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，一类是只能用-ing 形式作宾语，另一类是既可用-ing 形式作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语。只能用-ing 形式作宾语的动词这类动词只能用-ing 形式作宾语，
13、不能用不定式作宾语。Fancy meeting you here! 想不到在这儿见到你了!I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事。They didnt mind being treated like guests. 他们不在乎被人当作宾客对待。They admitted smokinghaving smoked in the hall. 他们承认在大厅里抽过烟。I regret sayinghaving said what I said. 我很后悔自己说过的话。He couldnt help laughing. 他情不自禁地笑了
14、起来。I cant imagine the boy speaking so rudely to you. 我不能想像这个男孩对你说话这么没礼貌。必背：只接动词的-ing 形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有admit 承认appreciate 感激avoid 避免consider 考虑delay 耽搁dislike 嫌恶enjoy 喜欢escape 避免excuse 原谅fancy 想不到feel like 意欲finish 完成forgive 原谅give up 放弃cannot help 情不自禁imagine 设想 include 包括keep 保持mention 提及mind 介意miss
15、逃过put off 推迟practice 练习resist 抵制risk 冒险既可用动词-ing 形式作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语这类动词虽然既能用-ing 形式作宾语，也能用不定式作宾语，但用法并不相同，主要有以下几种情况：a. 有些动词，如 attempt, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer 等，后面接动词的-ing 形式或不定式区别不是很大。They prefer spending to spend their summer vacation in Dalian. 他们更喜欢在大连度暑假。I intend to buy buying an
16、 English-Chinese dictionary. 我想买一本英汉词典。提示：应尽量避免接连出现两个动词-ing 形式。I am starting to learn Russian. 我开始学俄语。避免说：I am starting learning Russian. 我开始学俄语。 b. need, require, want 作“需要”解时，后面接-ing 形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式，意义上并无差别，但用-ing 形式比较普通。 Your composition needs correcting to be corrected. 你的作文需要修改。His coat wants cleaning to be cleaned. 他的大衣需要洗了。The old woman requires looking after carefully to be looked after carefully. 这个老大娘需要
