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1、习语的翻译,So, first of all, a student should learn not to look down on such idioms just because theyre made up of such simple and easy words. He should look out for identical phrases with different meaning and look them up in a dictionary if he is not sure. Hed bound to run into a lot of trouble when he
2、 first uses them, but he shouldnt give in, much less give up. If he keeps trying and keeps at it long enough hell make out and things will turn out well in the end.,Look down on 看不起 made up of由组成 Look out (for)留心(找) look.up 查(词典)Run into遇见 give in 屈服;让步Give up放弃 keep at坚持(做某事)Make out理解;了解 turn out
3、(well)结果获得成功,So, first of all, a student should learn not to look down on such idioms just because theyre made up of such simple and easy words. He should look out for identical phrases with different meaning and look them up in a dictionary if he is not sure. Hed bound to run into a lot of trouble
4、when he first uses them, but he shouldnt give in, much less give up. If he keeps trying and keeps at it long enough hell make out and things will turn out well in the end.,因此,学生首先不要因为这些成语是由简单,容易学的词组成的而轻视它们.学生应在文章里注意找出这些具有各种不同意义的短语,若无把握,就查字典.在头几次使用这些成语时,必然会碰到不少困难,但应该继续学习,不要退缩.坚持学习一段时间,就一定可以弄懂,可以准确地掌握
5、它们.,Before he gets the hang of how to use them hell make a lot of mistakes. Some mistakes will cause people to hold their sides with laughter, but that shouldnt put him in a stew. He should learn to put up with such things. You might say thats part of the game.,Get the hang of 熟悉;得知Hold ones sides w
6、ith laughter捧腹大笑Put someone in a stew 使某人烦恼(或为难,着急)Put up with something忍受(某事)Part of the game事情就是这样,Before he gets the hang of how to use them hell make a lot of mistakes. Some mistakes will cause people to hold their sides with laughter, but that shouldnt put him in a stew. He should learn to put
7、up with such things. You might say thats part of the game.,学生在熟知这些成语的用法前,一定会犯不少错误.有些错误会使人发笑.但不必着急,对这种事要有耐性.可以说,学好外语,就得这样.,谚语,格言:反映一个民族的地理,历史,社会制度,社会观点和态度. EG. 沿海一带-谚语涉及还是海上航行,经受风雨,捕鱼捉蟹.游牧民族-沙漠,草原,羊,马,骆驼和豺狼.尊敬老人的社会-颂扬老人足智多谋. 妇女地位不高的社会-轻视,贬低妇女,汉语谚语的特征:1. 为数众多,各个方面.2. 明显的中国特征. “小卒过河,意在吃帅.”,-象棋; “挂羊头,卖狗
8、肉”-中国肉店的特点.3. 反映社会中的不平等和被剥削,被压迫的感情. “卖花姑娘插竹叶,卖线姑娘裙脚裂”, “只准州官放火,不准百姓点灯”4. 佛教对中国习俗,思想的影响 “远看菩萨,近看泥巴” “平时不烧香,临时抱佛脚”5. 反映互助,友爱,与人为善的精神 “前人栽树,后人乘凉” “一个篱笆三个桩,一个好汉三个帮”,相似的谚语Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁.Many hands make light work.人多办好事.Haste makes waste. 欲速则不达.Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见,心不烦.Birds o
9、f a feather flock together. 物以类聚,人以群分 .Look before you leap.三思而后行.Where theres smoke theres fire. 无风不起浪.Where theres a will theres a way.有志者事竟成.,形同意合Walls have ears。Facts speak louder than words.A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。Business is business. 公事公办。Like father, like son.有其父，必有其
10、子。,形不同意合 Love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌。Teach fish to swim.班门弄斧。There are plenty of fish in the sea.天涯何处无芳草。A sparrow cannot understand the ambition of a swan.燕雀安知鸿鹄之志。,形相远而意相近A horse stumbles that has four legs.人非圣贤，孰能无过。/金无足赤，人无完人。All your swans are geese.事与愿违。A watched pot never boils.心急吃不了热豆腐。Everybo
11、dys business is nobodys business.三个和尚没水喝。,转形解意One swallow does not make a summer.One flower does not make a spring.,习语，包括固定搭配使用的词组或短语、成语、典故、俚语、歇后语、谚语、格言等。,文化差异无处不在-习语翻译的难点-不同文化特色进行比较研究,思维方式的比较,英语强调个体、逻辑，而不是整体，并习惯于抽象思维；汉语则强调整体、直觉和主语，并常运用具体形象思维。 -不同的语言形式和语言效果,思维方式的比较,1. Justice has longarms.2. rob Pet
12、er to pay Paul3. Once bitten, twice shy.4. He waited for her arrival with a frenzied agitation.,1. 天网恢恢，疏而不漏。2. 拆东墙补西墙。3. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕草绳4. 他等着她来拿，急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。,2宗教信仰的比较(历史典故),Man proposes, God disposes.“God helps those who help themselves”，“Talk of the devil and the devil will appear”“An eye for an eye，a
13、tooth for a tooth”，“the writinghandwriting on the wall”You are just a doubting Thomas. You wont believe what I tell you.Achilles heel a Pandoras box,“佛要金装，人要衣装”，“平时不烧香，临时抱佛脚”“泥菩萨过河，自身难保”“跑得了和尚跑不了庙”三顾茅庐、卧薪尝胆,His retort was delivered with a strong note of vinegar.Mary and her mother are as like as two
14、 peas.,他怒气冲冲地进行了回击。玛丽和她妈妈长相酷似。,3心理联想的比较,同一种形象在不同的文化国度中会有不同vinegar在汉语中的比喻联想意义是“忌妒”“醋劲大发”、“醋坛子”、“醋罐子”等；而在英语中它的联想意义是“bad temper”或“being unhappy”，Eg. His retort was delivered with a strong note of vinegar.Mary and her mother are as like as two peas.,风俗习惯的差异,小菜一碟-a piece of cake动物词汇，如狗-dog,地域文化的差异,地理环境 自
15、然环境夏天-summer 赤日炎炎似火烧，骄阳似火 Shakespeare: Shall I compare thee to a summer day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate. 雪莱的“西风颂”-中国和英国的西风,习语文化翻译策略,习语文化特色的处理技巧归纳为四大类：直译法、意译法、使用对等或相应习语法以及三者结合法。,1直译法(包括直译加注或解释语),直译即在比喻意义不改变的情况下将原语习语中的形象直接译成译语。 -能够几乎完整地保留原语习语的文化特色，也能够丰富译语的语言文化,金元外交 (from “dollar policy”)大
16、棒加胡萝卜政策 (from “a stick-and-carrot policy”)时间就是金钱 (from“Time is money”)paper tigers (纸老虎)An inch of time is an inch of goId (一寸光阴一寸金)A gentleman uses his tongue，not his fists.(君子动口不动手),Hide a dagger in a smile 笑里藏刀(2)a long road tests a horses strength and a long task proves a mans heart路遥知马力，日久见人心(3)all crows are equally black天下乌鸦一般黑,
