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1、浅谈英语阅读理解中推理题的分类与解题技巧作者：佚名 文章来源：jks 点击数：1374 更新时间：2012-6-5 15:15:49英语组 于海荣摘要阅读理解题目在英语试卷中占有十分重要的位置，比重之大往往决定其考试的成败。阅读理解题目主要分为事实细节题、主旨大意题、猜测词义题和推理判断题四大类，这四类中应属推理判断题解起来最有难度，因为这类试题对学生的要求更高，它不仅要求考生读懂文章，还要求考生要读透文章，并结合自己的一些课外知识方能做出准确的判断。本文就这一问题出发，展开讨论，对推理题进行了分类并归纳了一些解题技巧。关键词 数字推理 细节推理 事实推理 逻辑关系推理 观点态度推理阅读理解题
2、目在英语试卷中占有十分重要的位置，比重之大往往决定其考试的成败。在英语试卷所设的所有考题项目中，阅读理解最能体现学生的综合技能，因为它要求学生不仅要有非常扎实的语法、句法基本功，又要求学生要有丰富的背景知识及逻辑推理能力。阅读理解题目主要分为事实细节题、主旨大意题、猜测词义题和推理判断题四大类，这四类中应属推理判断题解起来最有难度，因为这类试题对学生的要求更高，它不仅要求考生读懂文章，还要求考生要读透文章，并结合自己的一些课外知识方能做出准确的判断。推理判断题的提问方式主要分为以下几种：1. What can be inferred/ concluded from the passage ?2
3、. What do you think would happen at the end of the story?3. The passage is intended to 4. The authors attitude towards is.5. The writers purpose in writing this story is.6. When the writer talks about ., what the writer really means is 7. What does the last/first/ sentence of the passage imply?8. It
4、 can be learned from the text that9. The underlined words “” in the last/ first/ paragraph refer to10. The story suggests(暗示)that _ .11. We can conclude(得出结论)from the passage that _ .12. Which of the following might happen later ?13. From the passage we can tell / learn _ .14. The writer of the pass
5、age considers it _ .15. Which of the following indicates / implies_?推理判断题主要分为以下几种类型：一针对细节和事实的逻辑推理相比而言，这类推理题在所有的推理题中是最为简单的，因为只要读懂涉及到题目的那一段文字，题目便可迎刃而解。1. 简单的数字推理题这类题目只要进行简单的数字运算，就可以得出正确的结论，这类题目主要是计算价格、年代、年龄、数量等。例如：For 20 this railcard allows you to take a second adult and up to 4 children for only 3 e
6、ach when you buy single or return tickets. You can travel as often as you like until the card becomes out of date.Q:A man bought himself a ticket of 15 and three tickets for his family with a family railcard.，How much did he pay?(1999，全国卷，C)A.44 B.29 C.24 D.15这道题目只要进行 15+3*3 这一简单的运算，就课得出结论为$24，答案为C。
7、再如：Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up.Q: If you get up at 6:30 am, what is the best time for you to take a nap?（2008,天津， E）A. About 12:30 B. About 1:30 C. About 2:30 D. About 3:30这道题更简单，只要做一个简单的加法 6:30 加上 8 小时，就可得出结论为 C。2. 细节推理题这类题目主要是推断文章出处、事发地点、人物关系等。例如
8、：Tokyo：Three snakes, whose poison could kill a person in ten minutes, are guarding a blue star sapphire（蓝宝石）worth nearly six hundred dollars at a Japanese exhibition of jewels sent from an Indian museum. “Normally it would be forbidden to let these poisonous snakes guard exhibition objects, but its
9、different this time because the jewels are being exhibited at a hotel,” a police official said.Q: The jewels was being shown in _(1994，全国卷，A)A. an Indian hotel B. an Indian museum C. a Japanese hotel D. a Japanese museum此题中只要注意了这一段中的第一个单词 Tokyo 和最后一句:”its different this time because the jewels are b
10、eing exhibited at a hotel,” a police official said.”就可以轻松得出正确答案为 C。再如：Four passengers were killed and 39 others injured early Sunday after a bus traveling south on Beijing-Zhuhai Freeway broke through a guardrail and fell off a cliff. Traffic police in Shaoguan City, south Chinas Guangdong Province,
11、 said the bus carried 43 passengers. It set off from Nanyang, a city in central Chinas HenanProvince, at 10 a.m. Saturday headed for Dongguan in Guangdong. All the passengers were residents from Zhenping County in Nanyang City. The accident happened around 3:46 a.m. Sunday when the driver attempted
12、to avoid hitting an unidentified object in front of the bus. You can click the link and watch the video to know more about the accident.Q: Where is this passage taken from?A. Newspaper B. Magazine C. Website D. TV news 此题中只要注意文中的最后一句话:“ You can click the link and watch the video to know more about t
13、he accident.”就可得出正确答案为 C。3. 事实推理题再解此类推理题时要牢记：推理=事实+逻辑。也就是说，在解此类题目时，不能选文中直接陈述的选项，更不能评自己主观臆断进行选择。例如：SUNDAY, November 14DISCO Satin Sounds Disco, free at The Lord Napier, Mort Lake High Street, from 8 a. m. to 8 p. m.FOLK MUSIC at The Derby Arms. The Short Stuff and residents the Norman Chop Trio. Non-
14、remembers 70p. Tel: 6884626.HEAVY MUSIC with Tony Simon at The Bull, Upper Richmond Road West, East Sheen.THE DERBY ARMS, Upper Richmond Road West, give you Joe on the electric accordion.Q: You want to spend the same day at two different places and dont want to cross any street. Which of the followi
15、ng is your best choice?A. The sing-along at the Black Horse and Jazz at The Bulls Head.B. The sing-along at The Black Horse and Folk Music at The Derby Arms.C. Folk Music at The Derby Arms and Heavy Music with Tony Simon at The Bull.D. Musical Hal lat The Star Garter and Disco at The Lord Napier.通过文
16、中划线的三句话，找出它们的交集，可知答案为 C。再如：Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butt
