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1、1英译汉试题中常见的重要短语及典型句型1几个典型例句(1) . not so much. as (but) . 与其说还不如说(2) . not so much that.as (but) that. 与其说还不如说(3) . not so much as. (=not even) 甚至于不，连也不(4) . might as well . as. 与其说还不如说例 1：He is not so much a teacher as a scholar.译文：与其说他是老师，还不如说是学者。（注意翻译时动作的对象）例 2：It wasnt so much his appearance I lik
2、ed as his personality.译文：与其说我喜欢他的外表，不如说我喜欢他的品格。例 3：Its not so much that I dont want to come but I just havent got the time.译文：倒不是因为我不想来，而是我根本没有时间。例 4：He didnt so much as say thank you after all wed done for him.译文：我们为他干了那么多事，他甚至连谢谢都没有说一声。例 5：You might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it
3、 to him.译文：与其将钱借给他，还不如把钱丢进大海。（注意翻译时动作的对象）注意：more . than .1) she is more beautiful than her sister. 她比她姐姐漂亮。2) George is more intelligent than aggressive. 与其说乔治言行放肆，不如说他聪颖过人。以上第 1)句是 more. than结构的一般用法，即在两个不同的事物之间就同一方面作比较；而第 2)句是就同一个人的两个不同方面作比较。因此要译成“与其说还不如说”。more.than结构在上述 1) 2)两句中的用法也适用于 less . than
4、结构，得出相反的含义：例如：1) John is less daring than quick-witted. 与其说约翰胆大，不如说他脑子灵活。2) George was less intelligent than aggressive. 与其说乔治聪颖过人，不如说他言行放肆。2几个不定代词的固定搭配：have none of: 不参加；不准；不接受I will have none of your stupid ideas! 我才不接受你那愚蠢的想法！He was offered a job but he said hed have none of it. 他有一个工作机会，但他说他不接受。
5、none but (=nothing but): 只有 (=only)None but the brave deserves the fair. 只有英雄才配得上美人。She chose none but the best. 她只选最好的。She is nothing but a child. 她只不过是个孩子。none other than: （表示惊讶）不是别人，正是 (= no one else but)Its none other than Tom! We thought you were in Africa.none the +比较级词+ for: 毫不，一点也不He spent 2
6、 weeks in hospital but hes none the better for it.他在医院里待了两个星期，但一点也没好转。My car is none the worse for wear. 我的车子一点也没有损耗。none the wiser: 不知情If we take only one piece of cake, mother will be none the wiser.如果我们只拿一小块蛋糕，母亲是不会知道的。none too: (在形容词或副词前) 不太；一点都不The service in this restaurant is none too fast. 这
7、家旅馆的服务一点效率都没有。anything but: 除-之外什么都（此处的 but等于 except）决不(=not at all)2I eat anything but (except) fish. 除了鱼，我什么都吃。She is anything but a good cook. 她决不是个好厨师。(即：除了好厨师，她什么都是。)anything of: （疑问句/条件句）一点点；（否定句）一点也（没有）Is he anything of a poet? 他有一点点诗人的样子吗？I havent seen anything of him lately. 最近我没有见过他。for an
8、ything: (否定句)（给什么都）不，决不I wont go there for anything. 我决不去那里。or anything: （意味着还有其他的可能性）If Bernard wants to call me or anything, Ill be here all day.如果伯纳德要找我或什么的，我整天都会在这儿。if anything: 若有任何不同的话If anything, my new job is harder than my old one.要说有什么不同的话，我的新工作反而比旧工作要难些。or something: 或什么的（表示说话者不能肯定）She is
9、 a stewardess or something. 她是空姐或什么的。something like: 有点像，大约An airship is shaped something like a cigar. 飞船的形状有点像雪茄。something of a.: 多少有点，有几分像，略懂hes something of a book collector. 他有几分像书籍收藏家。something to / in: （叙述等）有些道理Theres something to / in what you say; Ill take your advice.你说的有些道理，我会接受你的建议have /
10、 be something to do with: 与有关I think Guy Fawkes had / was something to do with a plan to blow up the bridge.我想盖佛克跟图谋炸毁桥梁有关。nothing but (= none but = only): 仅仅，只不过We could see nothing but fog. 除了雾之外我们什么也看不见。for nothing: 免费的； 徒劳的； 无缘无故的She got the ticket for nothing. 她免费得到那张票。All our preparation for n
11、othing! No ones even come to the party.我们为宴会所作的准备都白费了! 连一个人都没来。They quarreled for nothing. 他们无缘无故地争吵。make nothing of: (常和 can一起用)不理解；不重视,轻视 (= think nothing of)I could make nothing of the passage. 我不理解这篇文章。He makes / thinks nothing of working ten hours a day. 他不在乎一天工作十小时。to say nothing of: 更不用说（= no
12、t to mention / without mentioning）Three people were badly hurt, to say nothing of damage to the building.三个人受了重伤，建筑物的损害更不用说了。have nothing to do with: 与无关I have nothing to do with the accident. 我与这场事故无关。nothing if not: 格外地；非常地 (= very / much / extremely)He was nothing if not clever. (= He was very cl
13、ever.) 他格外聪明。nothing of: 无的部分；无的气质There was nothing of the lady in her behavior. 她的举止根本没有淑女的气质。区别：all but 几乎，差一点，除以外其余都是but for要不是but that+从句：若不是例 1：She all but fainted when she heard the news.译文：她听到这一消息时几乎晕倒了。3注：此句中 a11 but意为 nearly，almost。试对比：All but the little children thought that the trip was e
14、xciting译文：除了小孩，大家都认为这次旅行是激动人心的。此句中 all but意为 a11 except。例 2：But for the rain we should have a pleasant journey.译文：要不是下雨，我们的旅行本来是愉快的。例 3：He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.译文：若不是他那时缺钱，他是会帮助我们的。注 1)but that 引导的从句中谓语用陈述语气。2)but that 有灵活的译法。如：Nothing would satisfy that ch
15、ild but that I place her on my lap(那孩子什么都不要，只要我把她抱在怀里。)3“名词+or+名词”结构中 or后的名词是同位语，应译为“即；或者称”例 1：Moreover, technology includes techniques, or ways to do things, as well as the machines that may or may not be necessary to apply them.译文：再者，除机器外技术还包括技艺，即制作方法，而动用这些技艺并不一定都需要机器。4“only + to do”意为“，结果却”，即表示与句
16、子谓语动作的目的相反的结果。例 1: They dont have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema or the opera, only to discover, perhaps, that the show is disappointing.译文：他们不必花钱去戏院、电影院或歌剧院买价格很贵的票，（如果去了，）结果却可能发现，所演的节目令人失望。例 2: They hurried there only to find the meeting canceled.译文：他们匆匆忙忙赶到那儿，结果却发现会议被取消了。5not more / -er than 与 no more / -er than 结构比较：John is not b
