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1、第 1 页 共 4 页介词+关系代词引导的定语从句【知识点 1】直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是 which 或 whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved.【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.【例】It is a famou
2、s school from which he graduated 3 years ago.【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.【知识点 2】直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner.【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved
3、.【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from.【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago.【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood.【知识点 3】关系副词 when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词+which 结构。【例】This is the house where I lived two years a
4、go.=This is the house in which I lived two years ago.【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club?=Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?【例】I dont know the reason why he said so.=I dont know the reason for which he said so.【知识点 4】有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：【例】He is t
5、he student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for.【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30.【知识点 5】注意复杂介词短语+which 或 whom 引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。【例】They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen. 【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, i
6、n front of whom sit three students.【知识点 6】不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的定语从句可化为 of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词 结构；这也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代词有 some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。【例】There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like English.第 2 页 共 4 页【例
7、】These are books written by Mark Twain, one of which（=of which one）was read to me by my father【例】She has two sons, neither of whom（=of whom neither）is a teacher.【例】She has many books, none of which(=of which none) is interesting.【知识点 7】关系代词 whose+名词 引导的定语从句可转化为 the+名词+of+ which / whom 或 of+ which/wh
8、om+ the +名词结构； of 表所属关系。【例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken.=I live in a room of which the windows are all broken.= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.【例】This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent.= This is my teacher the handwriting of whom is excellent.= This
9、is my teacher of whom the handwriting is excellent.【知识点 8】由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：介词+ which/whom+ to do 结构。【例】I have a small room in which I live in.=I have a small room in which to live.=I have a small room to live in.【例】He has a good friend to whom he can turn for help.=He has a good fr
10、iend to whom to turn for help.=He has a good friend to turn to for help.【知识点 9】介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。【例】He used to live in London, from where he came from.【例】He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.【知识点 10】如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定语从句还原：构成两
11、个搭配，即从句谓语部分与介词的适当搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。【例】The picture _which he paid $100 was once owned by a king.【析】定语从句谓语是 pay some money；先行词为 the picture；还原句子即：He paid $100 _ the picture.在本句中填上合适介词；构成短语： pay some money for something。【例】This is Tom Sawyer, _ whom his teacher is proud.【析】还原：His teacher is proud _ Tom Sa
12、wyer.构成短语：be proud of。【例】Can you think of a situation _in_ which this word can be used?【例】Im grateful to him for that advice, _to_ which I owed all my success.练习题一、填入“介词关系代词（即介词+which/whom）：第 3 页 共 4 页1. The ship, _ _ the Europeans sailed to the American continent, was called the Mayflower.2. The fa
13、mily _ _ I stayed in Rome is coming to England soon.3. He has written a book, the name_ _ I have completely forgotten.4. It is a family of 8 children, all _ _ are studying music.5. Can you suggest a time _ _ it will be convenient to meet?6. The town, _ they came, was in the north of the province.7.
14、Here are some blouses, none _ suits me.8. The fur coat _ _ the lady was dressed was very expensive.9. The emperor, _ _ the palace was built, was very cruel.10. Little Peter had a dream _ _ he was taken to the amusement park.11. He spent a wonderful summer, _ _ he joined us in the camping trip.12. Th
15、e money, _ _ he bought the bike, was given by his grandfather. 13. The buses, most _ _ were already full, left the school one after another.14. Ann White, _ _ we received the invitation, lives next door to us.15. The story, _ the film is based, is a true one.16. The USA is a large country _ many different dialects are spoken.二、介词填空：1.The speed_ which you drive your car mustnt too high.2.In the park there are many flowers, the color_ which is bright and nice.3.The little girl is reading a book,_ which there are many pictures.4.What were the things_ which he was not to
