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1、it, one 和 that 作代词时的用法请看下面一道高考题： I prefer a flat in Inverness to_ in Perth, because I want to live near my Moms. (2005 天津) A. one B. that C. it D. this 分析：此题涉及到代词 it, one, that 的用法。这几个词都可用来代替前面已出现过的人或物以避免同一名词的重复使用，但它们在用法上各有特点。在此题中，one 代替同类事物中的另一样东西，故正确答案是 A。 代词 it, one, that 用法是近几年高考命题的热点词汇，也是多数同学难以
2、掌握的难点。下面就结合历年高考试题对这几个词的用法作一探讨。 一、it 用法小结 1、it 可指代天气、时间、季节、距离、环境、情况等。 -Do you like_ here? (2004 全国卷 II) - -Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. A. this B. these C. that D. it 2it 指代上文提到的原事原物，即复指。 1) The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before
3、they can move in. (NMET2001) A. they B. it C. one D. which 2) The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. (2005 全国卷II) A. it B. she C. which D. he 3. it 起指示代词的作用，指一个人。 1) Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _ .（2000 上海） A. who is he B. who he is C. who
4、is it D. who it is 4. it 还可以代替不定式、动名词或从句作形式主语或形式宾语，以保持句子的平衡。形式主语或形式宾语只能由 it 充当，不能用 this /that。 1) The Foreign Minister said, “_our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” (北京 2004) A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is 2) The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to s
5、peak at the meeting. (2005 全国 I) A. that B. it C. this D. him 3) Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _ didnt help. (NMET1993) A. he B. which C. she D. it 5. it 用于某些动词如 hate, like, love, realize 等后面，代替后面的从句。 1) I like _in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (NMET
6、2004) A. this B. that C. it D. one 2) I hate_ when people talk with their mouth full. (NMET1998) A. it B. that C. these D. them 二、不定代词 one 的用法 one 代替上文出现的可数名词的单数，相当于 a(n)+名词; the one 用法代替同类事物中特指的另一个；其复数形式为 ones。可以有自己的修饰词。 1) Weve been looking at houses but havent found _ we like yet. (2005 浙江) A. on
7、e B. ones C. it D. them 2) Cars do cause us some health problems-in fact far more serious _ than mobile phones do. (2005江西) A. one B. ones C. it D. those 三、that 作为代词的用法 that 代替前面出现的可数名词或不可数名词，代替可数名词时，相当于 the+名词，特指，常跟后置定语。 that 的复数形式是 those1) Few pleasures can equal _ of a cool drink on a hot day. (N
8、MET1999) A. some B. any C. that D. those 2) Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than_ in the city. (2005 江苏) A. ones B. one C. that D. those 注：A) it、one 和 that 都可以代替前面出现的可数名词。it 指代上文提到的原事原物，即复指；one 泛指前面的名词；that 是特指。B) one 可以有前置定语、后置定语或不用修饰语；that 不能有前置定语，但必须有后置定语，常见的后置定语是 of 短语。C) of 短语作后置定语时，用 that。
