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1、 - 中国首家承诺学习效果的在线教育公司高中英语必修 2（北师大版）Unit 6 Design 知识点总结一、重点词汇词义辨析：ruin/destroy/damage 都有“破坏” 的意思，程度和用法有不同。ruin 侧重彻底的毁坏，通常指由自然现象、疏忽等造成的破坏。destroy 通常指无法修护的损坏。damage 部分的损坏，可以修复。He ruined his prospects by carelessness.他因粗心大意断送了前途。The fire destroyed the building.大火毁灭了大楼。Smoking will damage your health.抽烟会损
2、害你的健康。purpose n. 目的，意图 1. on purpose：故意地2. with the purpose of：带着的目的She sometimes does things on purpose just to annoy me. 她有时存心做些事来使我生气。He returned to his homeland with the purpose of serving his own people. 他返回祖国，意在为祖国人民服务。conclusion n. 结尾，结论 1. in conclusion：总而言之，最后2. draw a conclusion/conclusion
3、s：得出结论In conclusion, I would like to say that you did it very well.总之，我想说你做得很好。It took us a long time to draw a conclusion that the man was innocent. 我们花了很长时间得出结论这个人是清白的。 - 中国首家承诺学习效果的在线教育公司fix ones eyes on：注视，凝视 Fix your eyes on the road and we will be much safer. 眼睛盯住公路，这样我们就更安全些。sort of：有点儿，有几分地（
4、 =kind of） I feel sort of surprised at his reason for being absent.我对他未出席的原因感到有些吃惊。拓展：1. a sort of： 一种2. all sorts of ：各种各样的date back (to) ：追溯到 My family has a vase, which is said to date back to Ming Dynasty.我家有一个花瓶，据说可追溯到明朝。（date back to 通常加某一个过去的时间点）拓展：date back to =date from（追溯到）The Forbidden Ci
5、ty can date back to / from the 14th century.故宫可以追溯到 14 世纪。relate to：和有关 All the papers that relate to this subject are written by him.有关这个问题的所有论文都是他撰写的。拓展：1. relate sth. to sth. ：将与联系起来2. be related to sth. ：与有关try out： 试用，实验 Im always pleased to try out a new variety. 我一直乐于尝试新产品。拓展：try 短语1. try on：
6、试穿2. try ones best to do sth.： 努力做某事3. try to do sth. ：尽力做某事，试图做某事4. try doing sth. ：试着做某事 - 中国首家承诺学习效果的在线教育公司hold ones breath：屏住气，屏息凝气 We held our breath in excitement. 我们激动地屏息凝神。拓展：1. take a deep breath ：深呼吸2. take ones breath away：使某人大吃一惊 阅读必备词汇 abstract adj. 抽象的straight adj. 直的 adv. 直接地wavy adj.
7、 波状的imagination n. 想象，想象力exhibition n. 展览，陈列sweat n. 汗水creature n. 动物，（有特质或特性的）人valuable adj. 有价值的，贵重的typical adj. 典型的elegantly adv. 优雅地emphasise/emphasize v. 强调shallow adj. 浅的feature n. 特征，特色skyscraper n. 摩天大楼angel n. 天使，天使般的人dynasty n. 王朝religious adj. 宗教的pattern n. 样式，图案character n. 字母；人物；性格；特征re
8、nt n. 出租，租金mercy n. 怜悯，同情damp adj. 潮湿的，有湿气的bathe vi.洗澡 - 中国首家承诺学习效果的在线教育公司二、重点句型Its black eyes, which are fixed on the cabbage, show the creatures interest in the vegetable. 解析：本句主干为：Its back eyes show the creatures interest in the vegetable；which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰 black eyes，是对被修饰词的补充说明。非限制性定语从句通常和主句间用
9、逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。如：Her house, which was built a hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake.那座房子在地震中依然耸立，它是一百多年前建造的。翻译：它的黑眼睛正盯着白菜，显示出对白菜极大的兴趣。Qi Baishis style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination. 解析：本句为 and 连接的并列句，主语为： Qi Baishis style of paint
10、ing，前一句中 guessing 对宾语the audience 进行补充说明，是宾语补足语，后一句中 use their imagination 对宾语 them 进行补充说明，做宾语补足语。翻译：齐白石的绘画方式常给观赏者留出运用想象力解读其内涵的余地。拓展：1. leave 的宾补结构为： leave +宾语+v-ing/v-ed/adj./n./prep. ，意为：让某人/某物处于某一状态2. make 的宾补结构为：make+宾语+v./v-ing/v-ed/adj./n.，意为：让某人做某事，或让某人/某物处于某一状态。A Young farmer who wanted a wi
11、fe would look at a young womans paper-cutting skills before marrying her! explained Mr. Chen, laughing at the look ofsurprise on my face. 解析： 句中直接引语部分 who 引导定语从句，修饰 a young farmer，引导词 who 在定语从句中做主语。laughing atthe look of surprise on my face 为现在分词做伴随状语，与句子主语 Mr. Chen 含有逻辑上的主动关系。翻译：看着我脸上的惊异表清，陈先生笑着说：“
12、年轻农夫会一句年轻女子的剪纸艺术来挑选自己的新娘！”But what I remembered most is moving a lot. - 中国首家承诺学习效果的在线教育公司解析：本句中 what 引导主语从句，做句子的主语，谓语动词为系动词 is，动名词 moving a lot 做表语。翻译：但我记的最深的就是搬了很多次家。拓展：what 在英语中可以引导名词性从句，起名词的作用。这些从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。1. 主语从句， 表示“的人或事 ”。What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
13、他在会上说的话令每个与会者震惊。2. 宾语从句（用作动词或介词的宾语）When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule：Always give the monkeyexactly what he wants. 求职面试时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。3. 表语从句Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats what it takes to do anything well. 坚定不移是一种品质能使人做好任何事情。4. 同位语从句
14、（用在 idea, message 等名词后）I have no idea what we should do next. 我不知道下一步我们该干什么。The house on Mango Street is ours, and we dont have to pay rent to anybody, or sharethe yard with the people downstairs, or be careful not to make too much noise, andworried about the landlord being angry. 解析：本句中第一个 and 连接并列
15、句，第二个分句中两个 or 连接三个并列成分，表示否定意义。第二个 and 连接并列成分 be careful和(be) worried about。the landlord being angry 为动名词的复合结构，做介词 about 的宾语。翻译：芒果街的房子是我们自己的，我们不必给任何人交房租，不用和楼下的住户公用院子，不用小心翼翼地不大声喧哗，也不用担心房东生气。拓展：动名词的复合结构可以做主语、宾语或表语，一般有四种形式： - 中国首家承诺学习效果的在线教育公司1. 形容词性物主代词动名词Your going there will help a lot.你到那里去将能帮上大忙。2.
16、 名词所有格动名词We are looking forward to the experts coming to give a speech to us.我们正盼望着那位专家来给我们演讲。3. 代词宾格动名词Do you mind me opening the door?您介意我把门打开吗？4. 名词动名词Can you hear the noise of the machine running? 你能听到机器运转的噪音吗？Our house would be white with trees around it, a great big yard and grass growingwithout a fence. 解析：本句中有两处 with 复合结构，分别是：with trees around it 和(with) grass growing。a
