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1、第 1 页 共 4 页第十章 非谓语动词命题特点非谓语动词是高考考试中重要的语法项目，主要测试动词不定式、动词 ing 和动词过去分词的意义和用法，以及一些固定搭配，在考查现在分词和过去分词时，主要考查作状语的区别，考生一定要弄清楚非谓语动词的逻辑主语。1She kept _the word in my hand until I understood.A speaking B to speak C spelling D to spell 解析：keep 之后跟动名词，可排除 B、D 选项；speak 为不及物动词，后不直接跟宾语。故选 C 2The teacher went into the
2、classroom ,_by a few of his students .A follow B following C followed D having followed解析： 分词短语作状语，且和逻辑主语 teacher 之间存在被动关系，所以空处应使用过去分词。3He was often heard _in the next room .A sing B sung C to sing D to singing解析：先分析句子成分，判断出非谓语动词在句子中主语补足语，即宾语补足 hear sb. do 的被动形式，一些动词如 make, see, hear ,watch 等接动词不定式作
3、宾语补足语时，主动形式为 make sb.do sth. ,而被动形式为 sb. be made to do sth. ,因此，答案为 C4The light in the office is still on.Oh , I forget _.A turn it off B to turn it off C turning it off D having turning it off解析：先分析句子成分，确定非谓语动词在句子中作宾语，forget 后宾语可以是动词不定式，也可以是动词 ing 形式，不定式表示想做而没有做的事，动词 ing 表示已做的事。本句中灯还亮着，说明是想做而没有做的事，
4、因此，正确答案为 B.5. The student work hard _enter a good university .A in order to B so as not to C in order that D so as that 解析：通过分析句子成分，先确定非谓语动词作目的状语，选择项 B 中 so as to 可以表目的，但是和前句内容不和，选择 C 中 in order that 引导目的状语后接从句，选择 D 项 为错误项。所以选择 A 6The problem _next week is very serious .A being discussed B discussed
5、 C to be discussed D will be discussed解析: 先分析句子成分，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当定语，故排除 D 项，再看它和所修饰词之间成被动关系，A,B,C 都表被动，A 项表正在被讨论，B 项表 已被讨论，C 项表将要讨论，根据句中的时间状语 next week ，确定时态为将来时，故选 C 7.The students felt _when they heard the wonderful news .A exciting B to excit C to be excited D excited 解析：分析句子成分，felt 是系动词，确定非谓语动词在句子
6、中充当表语，动词不定式作表语表将要，动词 ing 作表语表主动，说明主语具备某种 “使人的性质或习惯” ,动词 ed 作表语表示被动， 说明主语“感受到” 。因此本题正确答案为 D 8The woman was made _sorry though it was not her fault. A say B to say C saying D said 解析：本题考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的被动形式，即：make sb.do sth 的被动形式，一些动词如 make, have see ,hear ,watch 等接动词不定式作宾语补足语时 主动形式为 make sb. do sth. 而被动
7、形式为 sb. be made to do ,因此，答案为 B9.Bill didnt report the accident _lose his job .A so as not to B so not as to C to be taking D to be taken解析：本题考查动词不定式作目的状语，so as to 意为 “目的是，为了” ,它的否定形式为 so as not to ,因此，答案为 A10The little boy wants _to the cinema this evening .A be taken B being taken C to be taking D
8、 to be taken 解析;这道题考查的是动词不定式作宾语的被动形式，首先根据 want to do 排除 A ，B 两项，再确定 The little boy 和 take to the cinema 是被动关系，故排除 C ，因此答案为 D 。11I am very _in the book that you sent to me yesterday .A interest B to interest C interested D interesting 解析：本题考查过去分词作表语， be interested in 结构，正确答案为 C12. Simon had a sister
9、_Amy, who had to leave school and got a job to support her family .A calling B called C to call D be called 解析：本题考查过去分词作定语，过去分词作定语表示被动或完成，本句中，a sister 被称呼为 Amy ,因此 ，正确答案为 B 知识要点非谓语动词在句中不可作谓语，包括动词不定式 to do ，动词 ing ，动词 ed 三种形式，在句中起名词、形容词或副词作用的动词形式。（一） 动词不定式动词不定式是 to+动词原形构成，在句中起名词、形容词、和副词的作用，可作除谓语以外的任何
10、句子成分。 否定式为 not to do 1. 作主语 （谓语动词用单数）To lose your heart means failure .失去信心，意味着失败。To study English is very necessary today .当今学习英语是非常必要的。动词不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，不定式后置。It is very necessary to study English .It is very kind of you to help me with my English .作表语Our purpose is to protect the environment
11、.我们的目的是保护环境。Her dream is to become a famous actress .她的梦想是成为一名著名的演员 。作宾语I hope to go to college .我希望去上大学。The firefighters managed to save the boy .消防警察成功地救出了这个男孩。注：如果不定式后面有宾语补足语，则用 it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语后置 。I found it necessary to listen to English program on the radio .我发现听英语广播节目很必要。作宾语补足语a. 一般作实义动词: want
12、,wish , ask , tell ,order , beg ,permit ,help ,advise ,persuade , allow ,force ,invent ,encourage ,get 等的宾语补足语，形式为 want sb . to do sth .The teacher told me to recite the text .老师告诉我去背诵这篇课文 。My parents wants me to be a doctor .我的父母想让我成为一名医生 。b . 使役动词 make ,have ,let 和感官动词 see ,watch ,notice ,hear 等后用
13、不定式做宾补时，要省去符号 to ，但在被动句中，不能省略 to .I saw him get on the car and drive away .我看见他上了车，开车而去 。Tom was made by his boss to work on weekends .汤姆的老板让他周末上班 。 作定语放在所修饰的名词或代词后，表示将来意味。He is the last to tell lies .他是最不可能撒谎的 。I have a lot of work to do .我有很多作业要做 。There are many ways to solve the problem .有很多办法能解决
14、这个问题 。第 2 页 共 4 页注意：不定式为不及物动词时，应有必要的介词，如;I need a room to live in . 我需要一个住的房间 。I want a pen to write with .我要支笔来写字 。 作状语 ，常用目的状语和结果状语，She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a flower .她在做实验，从一种花里提取某种有用的药物 。He looked through a large number of books to find material for his paper .他
15、翻阅了大量的书籍，为了找写论文的材料 。 （目的）Bob rushed to school only to find it was canceled .Bob 赶到学校却发现晚会被取消了 。 （结果状语 only 放在不定式前表示加强语气）2 不定式的否定形式 ：not + to + 动词原形带疑问词的不定式 ，疑问词 who ,what ,which ,when ,where ,how + to do . 带逻辑主语的不定式 for +逻辑主语 + 不定式； of + 逻辑主语 + 不定式（for /of 无意义）He told me not to come into the room .他告诉我不要进入那个房间 。Where to go is not know yet .去什么地方还不知道 。There are much work for me to finish .有许多工作要我去完成 。It is kind of you to help me . 谢谢你帮我 。3动词不定式的时态主动式 被动式一般式 to +动词原形 to be + 过去分词完成式 to have + 过去分词 to have been done进行式 to
