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1、2016 届二轮复习 虚拟语气 学案（江苏专用）if 条件句中的虚拟语气1 【2013 北京卷】If we_a table earlier，we wouldnt be standing here in a queue.Ahave booked Bbooked Cbook Dhad booked【解析】句意为：如果我们早些订位子，现在也就不用站在这里排队了。本题考查虚拟语气。分析语境可知 if 引导的从句是与过去事实相反的假设，因此选择 D 项。【答案】D2 【2013 天津卷】If he had spent more time practising speaking English befor
2、e，he_able to speak it much better now.Awill be Bwould be Chas been Dwould have been【解析】句意为：如果他以前花更多的时间练习说英语，他现在就能说得更好些。本题考查虚拟语气。本句为错综时间条件句，即 if 从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。与现在事实相反的主句谓语部分为“would/should/could/might动词原形”。【答案】B3 【2013 江苏卷】I should not have laughed if I_you were serious.Athought Bwould think Cha
3、d thought Dhave thought【解析】句意为：如果我【当时】认为你是认真的，我就不会笑了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据 should not have laughed 可以判定是对过去的虚拟，条件从句中对过去的虚拟要用 had done 形式，故选 C 项。【答案】C含蓄条件句的虚拟语气4 【2013 安徽卷】I_to my cousins birthday party last night，but I was not available.Awent Bhad gone Cwould go Dwould have gone【解析】句意为：我昨天晚上本来想要去我表兄的生日聚会，但是没有
4、空。本题考查虚拟语气。句中的时间状语 last night 明确表示应该是对过去事实的虚拟，对过去事实虚拟的形式可以是 would have done 结构。故选 D 项。【答案】D5 【2012 福建卷】We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we_more places of interest yesterday.Avisited Bhad visited Cwould visit Dwould have visited【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意为：昨天我们在那个小村里迷路了，否则，我们会参观更多的名胜。从本句中的 otherwise
5、“否则”可以看出，这是一个隐含条件的虚拟句，与过去事实相反，应用 would/could/shouldhave过去分词的结构，故选 D。【答案】D名词性从句中的虚拟语气6 【2013 浙江卷】Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam_at the age of six months old.Awas Bbe Cwere Dis【解析】句意为：眼科医生建议孩子的第一次眼睛检查应该在六个月的时候（进行） 。本题考查虚拟语气。动词 recommend（建议）后加宾语从句，宾语从句的谓语形式为：should动词原形，should 可以省略。【
6、答案】B7 【2013 陕西卷】My mom suggests that we_eat out for a change this weekend.Ashould Bmight Ccould Dwould【解析】句意为：我妈妈建议我们应该换换口味，这个周末出去吃饭。本题考查虚拟语气。题干中的 suggests 是解题的标志词，它后面的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，动词使用（should）do 的形式，故选 A 项。【答案】A其他句型中的虚拟语气8 【2012 北京卷】Dont handle the vase as if it_made of steel.Ais Bwere Chas been Dhad
7、 been【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意为：拿花瓶时不要当它是钢做的一样。as if 表示“似乎、好像 ”，引导的从句通常用虚拟语气，再结合主句的时态可知是对现在事实的虚拟，所以用一般过去时 were。【答案】B9 【2012 辽宁卷】Jack is a great talker.Its high time that he_something instead of just talking.Awill do Bhas done Cdo Ddid【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意为：Jack 总爱夸夸其谈，他该做点事了，而不是仅仅空谈。这里是“Its【high/about 】time that.”句型，从句
8、谓语应用一般过去时或“should动词原形”。【答案】D10. 【2010江苏高考】George is going to talk about the geography of his country，but Id rather he _more on its culture.Afocus Bfocused Cwould focus Dhad focused【解析】考查虚拟语气。would rather 后的从句中谓语动词用过去式表示对现在或将来事实的虚拟。【答案】B1虚拟条件句中省略 if 是高考题常见的干扰方式。2根据主句谓语动词的构成来判断虚拟条件句的谓语动词的形式是高考的易错点。3要注
9、意含蓄条件句的一些标志词，如：but for，without，given 等。4平时应关注 wish 后的宾语从句及 as if 从句中的虚拟语气。虚拟语气的用法类别 用法 例句if 引导的条件从句 与现在事实相反 从句谓语动词：过去式【be 用 were】 主句谓语动词：should/would/could/might 动词原形【2012湖南高考】Sorry，I am too busy now.If I had time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.与过去事实相反 从句谓语动词：had过去分词主句谓语动词：should/would/
10、could/mighthave过去分词 【2012山东卷】If we hadnt made adequate preparations，the conference wouldnt have been so successful.与将来事实相反 从句谓语动词：过去式/were 不定式/should动词原形主句谓语动词：should/would/could/might动词原形 【2012安徽高考】Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she were to live there， she wouldnt be ab
11、le to see her parents very often.if 引导的条件从句的倒装 如果在表示虚拟语气的条件句中含有 were，had 或 should，可将 if 省略，然后将 were，had 或should 移至主语之前 Had we made a great effort we might have succeeded.【If we had made a great effort.】混合条件句的虚拟语气 有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根据它们表示的时间加以调整 If it had rained last night，it would be ver
12、y cool today.含蓄条件句的虚拟语气 【1】用连词 otherwise，or，but 等暗示前面表示虚拟【2】用 but for，without ，given 等介词【短语】表示条件 The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the captain.Given more time，we could have done it better.宾语从句 demand，suggest，order，insist 后接的从句中动词为“【should】动词原形” Our teacher insisted th
13、at the key words worth paying attention to be underlined before class.wish 后的从句中的谓语可用一般过去时、过去完成时和 should/would动词原形，它们分别表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反 【2011北京高考】 Where are the children？The dinners going to be completely ruined. I wish they werent always late.主语从句在“It is necessary/important/strange/suggested/demande
14、d/ordered/requestedthat 从句”中，从句中的谓语动词用 should动词原形 It is strange that such a person should be our friend.It is 【high】 time 【that】 .句型中谓语动词用一般过去时或 should动词原形 Its high time that we devoted ourselves to environmental protection and ecological improvement.其他句型 would rather 所接的从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时【对现在虚拟】或者过去完成时
15、【对过去虚拟】 I would rather you stayed at home now.if only 后面的谓语动词常用一般过去时【对现在虚拟】 、过去完成时【对过去虚拟】与过去将来时【对将来虚拟】 ，表示强烈的愿望 If only our dream had come true！as if 引导的状语从句中动词可以用过去时或过去完成时表示虚拟 They are talking as if they had been friends for years.1 【2014 陕西宝鸡质量检测二】Look at this poor rabbit.It is dying.I wish I_the right drugs with me at this very moment，but I dont.Ahad Bhad hadCcould have Dcould have had【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意为：看这只可怜的兔子，它都要死了。我要是此刻有合适的药就好了，但我没有。根据语境可知，回答人此刻并没有合适的药，wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，根据语境可知，此处表
