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1、高考英语阅读理解解题技巧之主旨大意题阅读理解之主旨大意题.每日经典谚语和句型背诵与仿写1.Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。2.as.as possible=.as.as one can 尽可能活学活用仿照上述句型，翻译下列句子。(1)我们应该尽可能地多读书。_(2)政府部门必须尽快采取行动保护河流被污染。_We should read as many books as possible./ We should read as many books as we can.The governmen
2、t must take actions to prevent the river from being polluted as soon as possible.阅读理解之主旨大意题我们阅读一篇文章， 首先是要了解其大意， 明确其主旨。因此， 主旨大意题是常考题。主旨大意题包括：主要内容(main idea, mainly about)型、文章标题(title)型、写作目的(purpose)型。广东高考近几年来考查过的题目中mainly about只考过4题，title题考了5题， purpose题考了5题。解题技巧1.弄清文章的大意， 关键是找到主题句。主题句的位置：主题句通常在文首、文末或
3、首尾呼应， 有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。各段的主题句也常在该段的首句或尾句。议论文和说明文一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有主题句，需要归纳。2.找主题句的方法：用浏览法(skimming)，即快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。找主题句的四个小窍门：(1)段落中出现表转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually等)时， 该句很可能是主题句。(2)首段出现疑问句时， 对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。(3)作者有意识地反复重复的观点，通常是主旨;反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。(4)表示总结或结论
4、的话常有therefore, thus, in short, conclude, conclusion等。3.关于干扰项和正确答案。(1)干扰项可能属文中某个具体事实或细节;可能属文中某些 (不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论;可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。(2)正确答案：是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的;但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。4.在阅读理解中，主旨大意题常有以下几种命题方式：(1)Main idea型：选择项多为陈述句，要求考生选择表达作者思想或观点的句子。题干多为如下形式：Whats the main idea/point of the passage?The pass
5、age is mainly about_.The passage is mainly concerned about_.Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage?In this passage the author discusses primarily_.The subject discussed in this text is_.The g
6、eneral/main idea of the passage is about_.(2)Main purpose型：选择项多为动宾结构，要求考生找到主要的写作目的，常见以下几种题干形式：Whats the purpose of the passage?The passage is meant to_.The purpose of the article is to_.In this passage the writer tries to tell us that_.The passage tells us that_.The authors main purpose in writing t
7、he passage is to .(3)标题型：选择文章标题是另一类对主旨大意题考查的形式，命题形式：The best title of the passage is_.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?The best title for the passage is_.The most appropriate title of the passage is_.In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. T
8、his sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.典型例析From my wheelchair experience, I
9、see the best in people.Often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness.But only when we stoppretending were brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness thats in them.30.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.A Wheelchair Experience.B.Weakness and Kindne
10、ss.C.Weakness and Strength.D.A Driving Experience解析：主旨大意题。在第一段中，出现了表转折的But.可知，“But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people”便是主题句，再根据第二段最后一句可以确定，这句的确是主题句。又因标题要简明、醒目，故选B。答案：BIn a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional busi
11、ness model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的)ways. That means growth with low carbon or
12、 development of sustainableproducts.In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries.In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.45.What is the main pur
13、pose of the passage?A.To introduce a new business model.B.To compare two business models.C.To predict a change of the global market.D.To advocate sustainable development.解析：主旨大意题。在第一段中，出现了转折的Actually，其后的“People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed，and that we must be able to dev
14、elop in sustainable(可持续的)ways”是主题句，随后的两句话都是对这一句进行解释;句中两个must清楚表明了作者“提倡可持续发展”，第二段首句“Today，sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries”进一步说明，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是“提倡可持续发展”。故选D。答案：DAlthough the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teach
