Made by Lauren Chan,The Green Banana,Unit 6 The Green Banana,Unit 6 The Green Banana,questions,How does the title “Green Banana” strike you? What do you expect the story to tell,Unit 6 The Green Banana,The text is taken from Beyond Experience: An Experiential Approach to Cross-cultural Education edited by Donald Batchelder and Elizabeth G. Warner in 1974. When the second edition of the book was published in 1993, Batchelder explained his view on cross-cultural education,Background Information,Unit 6 The Green Banana,Background Information,If some of the goals of education in modern times are to open up possibilities for discovery and expand learning and the chance for mutual acceptance and recognition in a wider world, it may be important to offer students a perspective on their own immediate center of the world by enabling them to participate sensitively as cross-cultural sojournerssd:n (旅居者，寄居者)to the center of someone elses world.,Unit 6 The Green Banana,Check-on Preview,What happened to the authors old jeep in Brazil? How did the villagers help repair it? What did the author learn about the center of the world (the rock)? How did he feel toward it? What are the two learning moments of the author? What did he learn? Whats the use of the green banana in the text? What does it symbolize? When the author says we should leave our own centers of the world, does he mean we should travel to other countries more often,Unit 6 The Green Banana,Background InformationEthnocentrism(种族优越论,Ethnic refers to cultural heritage, and centrism refers to the central starting point or the tendency of people to put their own group at the center. Thus, ethnocentrism basically refers to judging other groups from ones own cultural point of view, or misinterpreting other cultures because one uses the concepts of his own culture,Unit 6 The Green Banana,Ethnocentrism can lead to making false assumptions about others ways based on ones own limited experience. The key word is assumptions, because we are not even aware that we are being ethnocentric. That is people dont understand that they dont understand,Background InformationEthnocentrism(种族优越论,Unit 6 The Green Banana,Ethnocentrism may manifest itself in attitudes of superiority or sometimes hostility. Violence, discrimination, proselytizing prsltaz (劝诱改宗), and verbal aggressiveness are other means whereby ethnocentrism may be expressed,Background InformationEthnocentrism(种族优越论,Unit 6 The Green Banana,Why are people ethnocentric,It is normal to assume things on the basis of ones own experience, although it is sometimes wrong. Peoples perceptions of colors, time frames, values on industriousness, social roles, and beliefs about Life and the Universe provide important meanings in daily life. Therefore, peoples limited experiences they have already had are the basis for interpreting new experiences, and in the case of others behaviors,Unit 6 The Green Banana,What is the problem with ethnocentrism,Ethnocentrism leads people to make false assumptions about other peoples. People are ethnocentric when they use their cultural norms as a universal yardstick to make generalizations about other peoples cultures and customs. People of one culture may falsely distort what is meaningful and functional to other peoples through his own tinted glasses. At the best, people simply continue in his unawareness. You may be well meaning in interethnic relations, but can unintentionally offend others, generate ill feelings, and even set up situations that harm others. Ethnocentrism is evident in international relations, creating conflicts and inhibiting resolution of conflicts,Unit 6 The Green Banana,There are extreme forms of ethnocentrism that pose serious social problems, such as racism, chauvinism, and ethnic cleansing. These views are generally condemned by the world community, but regular cases can be seen in the news. Ethnocentrism Cultural Chauvinism Relativism Racism,extreme forms of ethnocentrism,Unit 6 The Green Banana,What can we do about ethnocentrism,Addressing ethnocentrism is not a matter of just trying not to be ethnocentric. Since people will never experience every life situation of everyone around the world, assumptions about life are based on existing limited experience. A more effective way is to catch yourself when you are being ethnocentric and seek to develop better understandings. Once we realize that we are not understanding, we are now in a better position to seek more valid and balanced understandings,Unit 6 The Green Banana,Cultural Relativism (文化相对主义,Ethnocentrism is often linked to a sociological theory called cultural relativism. Cultural relativists assert that concepts are socially constructed and vary cross-culturally. These concepts may include such fundamental notions as what is considered true, morally correct, and what constitutes knowledge or even reality itself,Unit 6 The Green Banana,Cultural Relativism is an attempt to understand the cultural development of societi。