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1、 中考 动词 非谓语动词考点1、动词概念2、动词分类3、非谓语动词4、例题分析5、中考连接6、中考演练一、动词的概念 动词是表示动作或状态的词，按其词义和在句子中的作用可分为行为动词，连系动词，助动词和情态动词。二、动词的分类1行为动词1） 行为动词可分为及物动词 (vt)和不及物动词(vi)，及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，后跟宾语；不及物动词表示动作或状态，有完整的词义，能单独作谓语，但后面不能直接跟宾语，如要带宾语则与介词或副词构成短语。如：More and more people study English.(vt)The students are listenin
2、g to the teacher carefully.(vi)动词短语一） 、动词+副词有的一般不跟宾语，如 go ahead, fall behind, get up, lie down, go up, run out, give in, stay up 等；有的可以跟宾语，如 put out, carry out, give up, wake up, check in, eat up, fill in, find out, fix up, hand in, mix up, look up, make out, turn down, work out 等。注意：宾语是名词时，放在副词前面或后
3、面都可以，但若作宾语的是人称代词时，就只能放在动词和副词之间了。如：Weve decided to put the meeting off (=put off the meeting) . 我们决定把会议推迟。Weve decided to put it off. 我们决定将它推迟。( 不说 put off it) 二） 、动词+介词如 ask for, care for, call for, break into, deal with, call on, look for 等。后面必须接宾语。如：I dont care for tea. 我不喜欢喝茶。三） 、动词+副词+ 介词如 look
4、forward to, put up with, looked up to, go in for, go along with, date back to, look down on, keep up with, add up to, run out of 等。如：She soon caught up with us. 她很快赶上了我们。四） 、动词+名词+ 介词如 take care of, pay attention to, make use of, make contribution to 做出贡献等。如：Take care of your brother while I am away
5、. 我不在的时候，你要照顾好你弟弟。注意：有的动词既可用作及物动词也可用作不及物动词：The child is playing. 这小孩在玩。 （不及物用法）The child is playing the piano. 这小孩在弹钢琴。 （及物用法）2连系动词连系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有 be, get, turn, become, look, feel, grow, seem, sound, taste, smell 等。如：Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.It feels
6、damp.英语连系动词的分类(1) 状态系动词：只有 be 一词。如：She is always like that. 她总是那样。(2) 持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有 keep, remain, stay, rest, lie, stand。如：I hope youll keep fit. 我希望你身体好。(3)表像系动词：表示“看起来好像” ，主要有 seem, appear, look 等。如：He looks tired. 他看起来很累。 (4) 感官系动词：表示“起来” ，有 feel(摸起来，感觉) , smell(闻起来) , sound( 听起来) ,
7、taste(尝起来，吃起来) 等。如：This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软。 。(5) 变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样，主要有 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run 如：He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。(6) 终止系动词：主要有 prove, turn out(结果是，证明是) 等。如：His story proved false. 他讲的情况原来是假的。3助动词助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定，疑问及动词的时态
8、、语态、人称和数等语法特征，助动词有 be,do,have,shall,will 等。如：How do you usually come to school?The children are playing yo-yo now.4情态动词情态动词本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词有 can (could),may(might),must, need, ought to, dare, should, have to等。如：Can I help you?- Must we go now? -No, you
9、 neednt .a. can 与 be able to 的用法有所区别。 can 只用于一般现在时和过去时，指本身有能力的能 ；be able to 用于各种时态均可，指须经过努力而能 。b. must 与 have/has to 的用法。must 表示说话人主观认为 必须，只用于一般现在时和一般将来时；have/has to 表示客观需要，意为 不得不，它可用于各种时态。cneed 和 dare 既可作情态动词也可作行为动词。三、非谓语动词1.动词不定式可以做主语（形式主语 it)、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等常与不定式作宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, ask
10、, (would) like, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, (would)prefer.2.动词 Ing在下列一些动词后面常跟动词 ing 作宾语，而不跟不定式：admit, appreciate, advise, avoid, allow, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, face, feel like, finish, fancy, forbid, forgive, imagine, include, kee
11、p, mention, mind, miss, practice, resist, risk, suggest 等3、在下列一些动词后面跟不定式或动词 ing 形式作宾语，意义不同， 如：I remember doing this exercise before. 这记得以前做过这个练习。Remember to post the book for me. remember doing 记得（做过的事，某事已做过）remember to do 记住 （去做某事，某事还没做）We shall never forget hearing Jackson singing.Dont forget to g
12、ive m regards to them.forget doing 忘了（做过的事，某事已做过）forget to do 忘了（去做某事，某事还没做）Ill try to improve my pronunciation.Since no one answered the front door, why not try knocking at the back door?try to do 尽力去做某事try doing (用另外一种方法) 试一试，试试看I suggest we stop working and have a rest.They stopped to listen, but
13、 there was no more sound.stop to do 停下（某事）去做某事（表目的）stop doing 把某事停下来（宾语）What do you mean to do with your old bicycle? I wont wait if it means delaying a week or so. mean to do 打算做某事mean doing 意味着做某事4、在 love, like, hate prefer 后面跟不定式和动词 ing 形式无多大区别，如：Do you like to eat an ice-cream? I like traveling
14、very much.I like driving (to drive) fast cars.四、例题分析1. Thanks for your invitation, but Im so sorry I cant go. I need to _ my baby at home. A. take away B. take off C. take care of D. take out of 【答案】【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。句意：谢谢您的邀请，但很抱歉我不能去。我需要在家照看孩子。take care of意为“照看；照料”符合句意。而 take away“带走” ；take off “脱下；起飞
15、” ；take out of“从取出”均与句意不符。2, Again and again the doctor _ the crying baby girl, but he couldnt find out what was wrong with her.A. looked over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked out【答案】 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。look over 检查，look after 照看，look for 寻找，look out 当心 ，句意：医生一遍又一遍地检查这个哭泣的小女孩，但是没有发现她有什么病。3. So many
16、 problems! Im tired.You should try to them by yourself. You are not a child any longer.A. get into B. get off C. get on D. get over 【答案】【解析】考查动词词组。get into“陷入” ；get off“下车” ；get on“上车” ；get over “克服” 。克服困难应该用get over，4. You are _to type quickly when talking to each other on QQ so the other person doesnt get boredA. suggested B. supported C. taught D. supposed 【答案】【解析
