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1、非谓语动词三 过去分词定义:过去分词既具有动词的特征,又具备形容词和副词 的语法功能. 表完成、被动、状态。1 做定语 表完成被动。表完成-这 类 词 有 ： gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed 等 。Boiled water 开 了 的 水 Fallen leaves落 叶 Newly arrived goods0 新 到 的 货 The risen sun升 起 的 太 阳 The changed world The changed out looking.表被动：A invited client 一位
2、受邀请的客人 The window broken by the little boyThe car found by the local police The injured worker was sent away.注:分词单独作定语时,放在被修饰词语 前 面 Our class went on an organized trip last Monday.分词短语做定语时,放在被修饰词语 后 面 Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting.注:过去分词做定语,相当于一个定语从句:Our class went on an
3、 trip which was organized last Monday.Those who were elected as committee members will attend the meeting.2 做表语: 表状态-表 示 其 逻 辑 主 语 所 处 的 状 态 ：注 ： 被 动 语 态 中 ， 动 作 的 承 受 者 称 为 逻 辑 主 语 ,如 She was seen by me 中 She 是 逻 辑 主 语 ， Me 是 实 际 主 语 。 The window is broken. We feel bored. She looks disappointed.The
4、y became confused. The door remained locked. We are pleased with the meal.The case stay closed. They were frightened at the sad sight. 注:作表语的过去分词在字典中已经被列为形容词Crowed Devoted Discouraged Done Dressed Experienced Frightened Broken DrunkLearned Satisfied interested killed known Undressed Surprised Hurt G
5、oneWorried Lost Completed Shut covered Astonished Pleased 注:表状态的过去分词有：Lost Seated Hiddden Lost in Dressed inFrightened Satisfied tired Disappointed Interested Relaxed Pleased Scared.常用的词组Stationed Absorbed in沉溺于 Born Dressed in Tired of Fixed on Prepared forFurnished with Equipped with Devoted to Ar
6、med with Caught in Located in situated inEmployed in Delighted at Disappointed at Surprised at Shocked at Astonished at Experienced in Satisfied with concerned with Worried about Supposed to crowed with Determined to.注: Be+过 去 分 词 ， 过 去 分 词 可 作 表 语 也 可 充 当 被 动 语 态 。 但 其 格 式 相 同 ， 注 意 区 别 ： The windo
7、w is broken系 表 ） The window was broken by the boy被 动 3 做宾语补足语表完成 被动状态：使 役 动 词 + 宾 语 +过 去 分 词 ： Let Get Make Have Keep Leave 感 官 系 动 词 + 宾 语 +过 去 分 词 ： Watch See Here Feel Notice Observe Taste Smell Listen to 期 望 系 动 词 + 宾 语 +过 去 分 词 ： Want Wish Like OrderWith介 词 + 宾 语 +过 去 分 词 ： With Ones hand tied
8、behind.They keep the door locked for a long time Those toys kept the children amused.The villagers had many trees planted just then, She kept the child quiet.I have the thief caught by the police. Pat had his hands burned.Dont leave your children scared. If it is left untreated.Dont let the windows
9、broken like this. He left the box opened.I raised my voice to make myself heard. I found her surprised at the news.We felt her satisfied with the answer. When we got school we saw the gate locked.He saw her dressed in a red skirt. We found ourselves lost in the forest.I heard the song sung several t
10、imes last week. I want the suit made to his own measure.She wore high-heeled shoes to make herself looked higher.They managed to make themselves understood, using simple English.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out next year.He was disappointed to find his suggesti
11、on turned down.We can hear the window glass hit/beaten by the very heavy rain drop.The teachers would like the problem discussed at the moment.The thief was brought in with his eyes covered by cloth. With many brightly-colored flowers planed ,the building looks like a garden. With the work done, the
12、y went out to play. 注:Have 后的宾补如为过去分词，常表示分词所代表的动作是由别人而不是由句中主语 来执行的。I had my bike repaired. 句中 repaired 这个动作是由别人而不是由主语 Bike来执行。The boy has his hair cut in the salon. 句中 cut 这个动作是由别人 而不是由主语 Hair来执行。3 做状语表完成 被动状态 ：注:过去分词作状语，源自状语从句1:过去分词作状语，表示时间 条件 原因 让步时，可转换为相应的 状语从句2:过去分词作状语，表示方式 结果 伴随 时，可转化为相应的 并列分句时
13、 间 ： Given a medical examination, you should keep calm.When you are given a medical examination, you should keep calm.Buried under the ground, the truth can still grow and will bursts out on the other day.When truth is buried under the ground it can still grow and will bursts out on the other day.条
14、件 ： Looked at a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful.IF it is looked at a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful.Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast If these seeds are grown in rich soil, they can grow fast.Unless invited, I wont attend his birthday party. I wont atte
15、nd his birthday party unless I am invited.原 因 ： Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. Because he was caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder. As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.让 步 ： Given the right kind of training, the teenage soccer players may one day g
