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1、1Unit 4 重点单词，词组解析(教师使用版)1. certain adj. 某一，某些； 确定的 They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if For certain reasons I will be unable to attend the meeting. I cant say for certain when he will arrive. They are certain to succeed. 他们自信能成功。=They are certain of success.=They are cer
2、tain that they will succeed.=Its certain that they will succeed.2. contain v. 包含,容纳；容忍；克制 It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes. We should eat more vegetables as they contain many different kinds of vitamins. This novel contains seven chapters. This book contains all the information y
3、ou need. Try to contain your anger.辨析 contain，include ： This drink is safe for the children; it doesnt contain any alcohol. The price includes the mail charge.作状语时常用 including sth. 或者 sth. included 的形式。 I have seen all his films, _including_ the last. There are six people, three women included. 3. a
4、ffect 侵袭，感染 He got a disease that affected many organs of the body. Her lungs are seriously affected and she needs to be in hospital for some time.影响；（感情上）深深打动；使悲伤（或怜悯）2 Family environment can affect a childs development. All the students are affected to tears by the story. His parents divorce affec
5、ted him greatly.affect (词性) vt. 和 effect (词性 ) n.对产生影响 have an effect on The amount of rain affects the production of the crops. I think violent films have bad effects on children.affect, influence, impress 这些动词均含“影响”之意。affect: 通常是物而不是人作主语，主要指一时的影响，着重影响的动作，可指一般意义的影响(不分好坏)，也可指不良影响。influence: 侧重在思想、性格
6、、行为等方面所产生的潜移默化的影响，也可指自然力的影响。impress: 强调影响既深刻又持久。 He was influenced by a high-school biology teacher and took up the study of medicine. The slight change of weather can affect her delicate health My father impressed on me the value of hard work.4.appreciate 欣赏，赞赏；理解，体会； 感谢，感激 Thats because you cant a
7、ppreciate music. 这是因为你不能 欣赏音乐。 He appreciated their confidence. 他感激他们的信任。 I am afraid you dont appreciate America. 恐怕你不理解美国。其后可接名(代) 词、动名词、名词性从句等作宾语，但不能接不定式。感激做某事 appreciate doing sth. We shall appreciate hearing from you again. I appreciate that you have come here so early. 感谢你来得这么早。其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能
8、接“人”作宾语 (与 thank 的用法恰恰相反)。 I appreciate your kindness. 谢谢你的好意。3 He thanked her for her kindness. 他感谢她的好意。其后不直接跟 if 或 when 引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借 it。感谢您 如果 我将非常感谢 I would appreciate it if 这个句型是请求别人帮助的客套话，所以用虚拟语气。if 后面接从句，指出需要对方做的事情。 I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it.如果你能帮助我做这
9、事，我会十分感激。 I would appreciate it if you turned down the radio. 请把收音机声音关小一点，谢谢。5. succeed What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed? 成功做某事 succeed in (doing) sth. Work hard and you will succeed one day. He succeeded in making her happy.接替，继承；接着出现继承（财产、头衔等）succeed to sth.继某人之后担任 succeed sb
10、. as Do you know who will succeed Mr Smith as president of the company? The hot day was succeeded by a storm. Paul has succeeded to all his fathers property. 他成功地继承了父亲的公司，并担任了公司总裁。_success n.; success n. (不可数) 成功; ( 可数) 成功的人( 或事物) successful adj. 成功的 失败是成功之母。Failure is the mother of success. 这次谈话非常成
11、功。The talk is a great success. 她是成功的演员。She is a successful actress.6. employ vt. 雇佣； 利用（时间，金钱等） =make use of雇用某人做某事 employ sb. to do sth.忙于某事，从事某活动 employ oneself in be employed in How many workmen do you employ at your factory? He employed himself in teaching English. 他从事英语教学工作。4 Why didnt you empl
12、oy （利用） the new method?hire，employ 与 rent 这三个词都有“租用；雇佣”之意。hire 是日常用语，指按工作量计酬的雇佣人手；employ 则多指商店或公司长期雇佣人手；rent 一般指租借房屋、地产（租借出去）。He hired a truck to help him in moving to his new homeThe company employs fifty people这个公司雇佣了五十人。The room rents at（for） 5 a week这个房间每星期租金 5 美元。7. die out 灭绝；逐渐消失Many old cust
13、oms are gradually dying out.No one has come up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs have died out.die of 死于（内因） die from 死于（外因） die away 渐熄，减弱，消失 die off 相继死亡，先后死去 die for 为了 . 而死，渴望 8. in danger of 有 . 的危险 Why are they in danger of disappearing? The house is now in danger of collapse. He
14、was in danger of losing his life. 他有丧命的危险。in danger 处于危险中 The girls life was obviously in immediate danger. You are so kind-hearted that you always give me a hand when I am in danger.9. burst into 闯入，突然发作She burst into the room , and immediately started talking to everyone. When she saw me she burst
15、 into tears.突然大笑 burst out laughing burst into laughter突然大哭 burst out crying burst into tears510. protect . from/ against 保护不受（危害） I am protecting myself from mosquitoes. They went into a shelter to protect themselves from the heavy rain. Wearing dark glasses can protect your eyes from the sun. 在的保护下 under ones protection under the protection ofWe cant live under the protection of our parents forever.阻止某人做某事 stop / prevent / keep sb. from (doing) sth. She prevented her disabled
