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1、语法填空题的解题技巧Carter Woo201312.一题型解读：语法填空要求考生阅读一篇短文， 然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求完成 10 道语法填空题。做题要求：一是在空格处填入适当的词；二是使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。此题的短文长度应在 200 词左右。学生在解答语法填空题时应具备以下语法知识：二、语法填空的考查范围：1语境(上下文)；2语法：动词(时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式 )、名词、代词、冠词、介词。固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级最高级及构词法、倒装等。(1) 动词：动词时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词等知识。(2) 引导词：注意一些从句的使用，
2、如：定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等。(3) 形容词、副词、名词、动词之间的词型、词性转换， 形容词与副词的比较级、最高级等知识。(4) 介词：一些常用介词的基本用法、介词短语和动词短语的用法。(5) 名词、冠词：注意名词的单、复数、可数、不可数以及冠词的特殊性用法。(6) 代词：注意代词所指代的对象和前后对应的关系。(7) 并列词：and, so, or, otherwise 等表示并列、对比， 以及表示承接、转折的副词therefore, however 的用法。(8) 句型：要求归纳整理， 并且牢固掌握一些基本常用句型， 如： notuntil； not onlybut (also)；
3、sothat； notbut； asas； eitheror； morethan； neithernor； suchthat； hardlywhen； no soonerthan等。三、语法填空的能力要求：1阅读/理解语篇的能力 2分析句子结构的能力3熟练运用语法的能力 4单词拼写能力四.语法填空题空格设计1. 纯空格：介词，连词，代词，冠词，从句引导词，情态动词，强调组动词等2.有提示：谓语动词，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，副词，形容词或副词的比较级或最高级五.答题步骤1、快速浏览全文，把握文章大意和作者写作意图，总体时态；2、分析句子结构-主谓结构 ; 3、根据上下文把握空格意思。六技巧与实
4、例。（一）. 纯空格试题的解题技巧。首先，分析句子结构，确定填哪类词。然后，再根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。确定填哪类词有以下 7 个技巧：技巧 1：缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。注意是从句还是简单句哦。（S+V+._ +V.）/ （S+V._S+V.）从句只能用相应的从句引导词。（S+V.+and/or_.+ V）简单句缺主语这时可用人称代词或名词。例 1I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and _gets there almost in a second. At
5、the same time, there had been a growing number of overseas students _came back to China after study.Then I went to the department store I worked part-time and bought her an expensive gift box of Sichuan beef.技巧 2：名词前面，若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词) ，很可能是填限定词。 （一般情况下名词前都有限定词哦中文一般可有可无）例 2It is said that a s
6、hort-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (9601279) was very anxious to help _rice crop grow up quickly. 例 3the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to_small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage. 技巧 3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。例 4 who should have th
7、e honor of receiving me _a guest in their house.Dont be always particular _ your present work and income.技巧 4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。如果有了连词，那得注意连词前后的一致性。注意名词的数，形容词和副词的级以及动词的型！例 5two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars. Many other actors are _
8、_ (badly)off than me at present例 6all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. If you spend time weighing and calculating gains and _ (lose), you will be most likely to end up in empty handedness. We must pra
9、ctice speaking and (write) the language whenever we can.技巧 5：若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子 )之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词或从属连词。例 7 I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days I was to return to Guangzhou. 例 8 He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _he felt very happy技巧 6：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动
10、词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did 等) 。(S+ can/will/should/may/must+do.; S+ do/did/does+ do)例 9What is acceptable in one country be considered extremely rude in another. 例 10 He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he _ bring home a reg
11、ular salary.技巧 7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。(1)由 it isthat强调结构的形式，判断填 it 还是 that。例 11 and was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG (2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的 only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had 等，还是填 do, does, did 等。例 12 _with hard work can you expect to
12、 get pay rise.(3)由 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填 it。例 13 as took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famous artists 例 14Dating sites also make easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in. (4)so /suchthat句型。如：例 15 This made the goat so jealous_ _it began plotting against (谋划对
13、付) the donkey. (5)morethan (与其说不如说，比更)句型。如：例 16Cynthias story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares _ _ how much he pays. It was not long the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table.(二) 给出了动词的试题的解题技巧首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧 8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或
14、者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时（一般都有连词） ，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。例 17His fear of failure _(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. 例 18 That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, (close) my book and walked away.例 19 In Logan,
15、three people _ _ (take)to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. 技巧 9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时(没有连词) ，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用ing 形式、ed 形式，还是用 to do 形式，确定的方法主要有：(1)作主语或宾语，通常用ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。如：例 20 but it is not enough only (memorize) rules from a grammar book.例 21_ (speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary(2)作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。例 22 _ (complete) the project as planned, well
