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1、【大纲解析】2014 是我省第二年在新课标下实施的高考,考虑到新旧课标的过渡以及部分省区自主命题和对英语高考改革的实际情况,全国高考试题做了一些微调,特别是试题的词汇量、选材的广度和深度、试题的难易度和区分度等方面的局部变化还是有可能的。题型改革具体内容:基于各种原因,删除了建国后高考英语历史上延续数十年的“单句型语言知识题”( 合计 15题,合计 15 分),代之以“语篇型语法填空题”(合计 10 题,合计 15 分),此改良题型考纲称呼为“英语语言知识运用第二节”。此外,在 2013 考纲基础上更换了所有样题。【备考建议】1.认真研读教学大纲和考试说明以及近年来的考题,多渠道获取信息,把握
2、高考命题的方向,注意及时作出调整。2.复习要依托教材彻底扫除知识结构中理解上的障碍,重视语言基础知识,尤其是词汇的音、形、义和用法。但要防止过多、过细和过深,重点要放在不同的语言情境中灵活运用语言知识。第二轮复习要降低难度,抓基本题型,掌握好基本词汇与基本句型,突出对重点知识的复习。查漏补缺,强化专题训练。建立错题档案,弥补知识漏洞,复习中要加强题型专项训练,在训练中提高解题能力和解题速度。适当加强对重点内容的强化训练和题后分析,提高“考点识别、寻找已知条件、排错求证”的思维能力。3.加强语篇、语境和语义的概念体系,将语言知识灵活准确地加以运用,只有正确理解语境、语义,才能把握文章的脉络。要增
3、加知识和阅读的储备量,扩大知识面,既要理解字面意思,也要理解深层含义,根据所给材料,进行合理的推理判断。每天做一定量略高于自己水平的完形填空和阅读理解也很必要,题材和体裁要多样化。不要刻意去看表,控制自己的速度,这样反而会打乱自己的步伐,浪费时间。检验时间是否来得及可以在做整套练习卷时用正常的速度检测。4.要明确自己的问题,善于发现自己的不足,及时释惑。5.加强写作训练。从基本词汇和五个基本句型的积累运用入手,力求地道、通顺,然后运用较高级词汇和结构,以提高文章档次;还应注意正确使用表逻辑关系的关联词,以使文章连贯紧凑。另外,通过多背诵范文增加储备,督促学生定期围绕不同体裁、题材进行写作练习。
4、强化答题和书写规范训练,卷面要整洁,使答卷赏心悦目,提高成绩。近三年广东高考英语语法填空题与高考语法复习摘要:语法填空题旨在考查考生对高中英语新课程标准中基本语法知识分析和运用能力。本文研究探讨了近三年广东高考英语语法填空题的命题特点,具体统计了所考查的考点及对高考语法复习的一些浅见,以期抛砖引玉。关键词:命题特点 考点分布 语法复习随着新课程改革的稳步推进,自 2007 年始广东省高考英语试题结构做出相应改变新增加了语法填空题,至 2009 年广东省高考语法填空题题型已经趋于稳定。语法填空立足语篇,意在考查考生对高中英语新课程标准中基本语法知识分析和运用能力。该题以语篇形式检测语言知识运用,
5、问题既不设置于句子层面,也不提供任何选项。从语用上体现了高中英语新课程标准的理念,实现了从“题感”向“语感”培养的回归。一、语法填空的命题形式及特点。语法填空题要求考生在 10 分钟内阅读一篇大约 200 个词的短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在 10 个语法填空的每个空格处填如一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。通过分析近三年广东高考英语试题可以看到命题以句子结构的正确性和上下文连贯性为出发点这就决定了在解题过程中必然要分析句子结构和理解上下文。语法填空题考查考生在语篇层面上理解并应用语法知识的能力,考试采用填空的形式,而不是选择填空。语法填空题要求考生必须具备较好的语
6、法分析能力,而不只是语法辨析能力。 语法分析以分析句子结构为主,包括句子的基本结构和扩展成分;句子成分之间的一致性如主谓一致、时态一致;句子的篇章制约及句子的意义制约。答题要求决定了命题形式分为括号提示和纯空格两种。括号提示题侧重考查词法(动词时态、语态、祈使语气、虚拟语气及非谓语动词)包括构词法(名词、动词、形容词、副词之间的词形转换及前后缀所引起的词义变化) ;纯空格题侧重考查根据上下文行文逻辑和前后照应关系选择功能词(介词、代词、冠词等)及句法中复合句的连词。二近三年广东高考英语语法填空题解析与考点分布。2007 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(广东卷)第二节 语法填空(共 10 小
7、题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 3l-40 的相应位置上。I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car 31 (break) down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night
8、 when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to 32 should have the honor of receiving me 33 a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house. While she was getting me 34 (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the
9、head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to 35 small town some 20 kilometers away 36 there was a garage. I had noticed three hens running free in my hostesss courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table. 37 villagers brought me goats cheese and hone. We
10、drank together and talked 38 (merry) till far into the night.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman 39 the trouble I had caused 40 .解析:31. broke 由全文可知这是叙述过去的经历,用一般过去式;再说 was/were doingwhen did是一个固定句型,when 后面的句子的谓语用一般过去时,表示“正在做某事,就在这个时候
11、发生了另一事”。32. who 引导宾语从句且在从句中作主语,可知 “有幸接接待我 ”的应是表示人的 who。33. as 意为 “把我当作客人”来接待。34. settled 由 settle sb. into/in/on(使某人舒服地处于某处)可知,me 与 settle 是被动关系,要用过去分词用宾补。35. a 指将车拉到离那里大约有 20 公里远的“一个小镇” 。表示 “一个” ,用不定冠词。36. where 先行词是 a small town,并在定语从句中作状语,用 where (=in which)引导定语从句。注意,先行词与定语从句被 some 20 kilometers
12、away 隔开了。37. Other 拿 goats cheese and honey 来给我的应是“其他的 ”村民。38. merrily 修饰动词 talked 作状语,应用副词 merrily。39. for 表示“因而酬谢/报答某人 ”是 reward sb. for sth.,类似的表达还有 thank sb. for sth.; praise sb. for sth.; punish sb. for sth.等。40. her 这是因为 cause sb. trouble (给某人造成麻烦)是固定搭配。2008 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(广东卷)Chinese prove
13、rbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peoples daily life. 31 these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. It is said that a shorttempered man in the Song Dynasty (9601279) was v
14、ery anxious to help 33 rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 34 day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.One day, he came up with an idea 35 he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day.He was very tired 36 doing this for a whole day,
15、37 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 38 (high).His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 39 (nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often 40 (result)
16、in the contrary to our intention.解析:31. Behind/In 指“在中国的这些成语故事的背后”,表示“在之后”,用介词 behind;也可理解为“在这些成语故事里” ,所以也可以用介词 In。 32. to help 不定式做目的状语。33. his由上文中的 a crop 和下文中的 his crop, the crop 等可知,此处填限定词;这个急性子人当然是急于使他自己的禾苗长得快,故填 his。 34. it/this代替前文中的(how) to help his crop grow up quickly。 35. that 同位语从句。36. after /from他感到很累应是在他做了一整天事之后,表示“在之后”,动名词前面用介词 after;另外,be tired from doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“因做某事