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1、经济学英语词汇1、General terms一般术语economist经济学家socialist economy社会主义经济capitalist economy资本主义经济collective economy集体经济planned economy计划经济controlled economy管 制 经 济 rural economics农村经济liberal economy自由经济mixed economy混合经济political economy政治经济学protectionism保护主义autarchy闭关自守primary sector初级成分private sector私营成分 , 私营
2、部门public sector公共部门 , 公共成分economic channels经济渠道economic balance经济平衡economic fluctuation经济波动economic depression经济衰退economic stability经济稳定economic policy经济政策economic recovery经济复原understanding约定concentration集中holding company控股公司trust托拉斯cartel卡特尔rate of growth增长economic trend经济趋势economic situation经济形势in
3、frastructure基本建设standard of living生活标准 , 生活水平purchasing power, buying power购买力scarcity短缺stagnation停滞 , 萧条 , 不景气underdevelopment不发达underdeveloped不发达的developing发展中的332、Capital资本initial capital创办资本frozen capital冻结资金frozen assets冻结资产fixed assets固 定 资 产 real estate不动产 , 房地产circulating capital, working ca
4、pital流动资本available capital可用资产capital goods资本货物reserve准备金 , 储备金calling up of capital催缴资本allocation of funds资金分配contribution of funds资金捐献working capital fund周转基金revolving fund循环基金 , 周转性基金contingency fund意外开支 , 准备金reserve fund准备金buffer fund缓冲基金 , 平准基金sinking fund偿债基金investment投资 , 资产investor投资人self-fi
5、nancing自筹经费 , 经费自给bank银行current account经常帐户 ( 美作 :checking account)current-accountholder支票帐户(美作:checking-account holder) cheque支票 ( 美作:check)bearer cheque, cheque payable to bearer无记名支票 , 来人支票crossed cheque划线支票travellers cheque旅行支票chequebook支票簿 , 支票本 ( 美作 :checkbook) endorsement背书transfer转让 , 转帐, 过户
6、money 货币issue发 行 ready money现钱cash现金ready money business, no credit given现金交易 ,概不赊欠change零钱banknote, note钞票 , 纸币 ( 美作 :bill) to pay (in) cash付现金domestic currency, local currency本国货币convertibility可兑换性convertible currencies可自由兑换货币exchange rate汇率, 兑换率foreign exchange外汇floating exchange rate浮动汇率free exc
7、hange rates自由汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate外汇兑换券hard currency硬通货speculation投 机 saving储装, 存款depreciation减价 , 贬值devaluation (货币 ) 贬值revaluation重估价runaway inflation无法控制的通货膨胀deflation通货紧缩capital flight资本外逃securities business证券市场stock exchange股票市场stock exchange corporation证券交易所stock exchange证券交易所 , 股票交
8、易所quotation报价 , 牌价share股份, 股票shareholder, stockholder股票持有人 , 股东dividend股息 , 红利cash dividend现金配股stock investment股票投资investment trust投资信托stock-jobber股票经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm证券公司securities有价证券share, common stock普通股preference stock优先股income gain股利收入issue发行股票par value股面价格 ,票面价格bull买手,多头be
9、ar卖手,空头assigned过户opening price开盘closing price收盘hard times低潮business recession景气衰退doldrums景气停滞dull盘整ease松弛raising limit涨停板break暴跌bond, debenture债券Wall Street华尔街3、Credit信贷short term loan短期贷款long term loan长期贷款medium term loan中期贷款lender债权人creditor债 权 人 debtor债务人 , 借方borrower借方 , 借款人borrowing借 款 interest
10、利息rate of interest利率discount贴现 , 折扣rediscount再贴现annuity年金maturity到期日 , 偿还日amortization摊销, 摊还 , 分期偿付redemption偿还insurance保险mortgage抵押allotment拨款short term credit短期信贷consolidated debt合并债务funded debt固定债务 , 长期债务floating debt流 动 债 务 drawing提款 , 提存aid援助allowance, grant, subsidy补贴 , 补助金 , 津贴4、Pruduction生产o
11、utput产出, 产量producer生产者 , 制造者productive, producing生产的products, goods产品consumer goods消费品article物品 , 商品manufactured goods, finished goods制成品 , 产成品raw product初级产品semifinished goods半成品by-product副产品foodstuffs食品raw material原料supply供应, 补给input投入productivity生产率productiveness赢利性overproduction生产过剩5、Expenses 耗费
12、cost成本 , 费用expenditure, outgoings开支, 支出fixed costs固定成本overhead costs营业间接成本overheads杂项开支 , 间接成本operating costs生产费用 , 营业成本operating expenses营 业 费 用 running expenses日常费用 , 经营费用miscellaneous costs杂项费用overhead expenses间接费用 , 管理费用upkeep costs, maintenance costs维修费用 , 养护费用transport costs运输费用social charges社
13、会负担费用contingent expenses, contingencies或有费用apportionment of expenses分摊费用6、Profit利润income收入, 收益earnings利润 , 收益gross income, gross earnings总收入 , 总收益grossprofit,grossbenefit毛利, 总利润 , 利益毛额net income纯收益 , 净收入 , 收益净额average income平均收入national income国民收入profitability, profit earning capacity利润率 ,赢利率yield产量
14、收益 , 收益率increase in value, appreciation增值 , 升值7、taxes税duty税taxation system税制taxation征税 , 纳税fiscal charges财务税收progressive taxation累进税制graduated tax累进税value added tax增值税income tax所 得 税 land tax地租 , 地价税tax collector收税员excise tax特许权税basis of assessment估税标准taxable income须纳税的收入fiscality检查tax-free免 税 的 tax exemption免税taxpayer纳税人8、Internal economic and trade orgnization国际经济与贸易组织China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, C.C.P.I.T.中国
