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1、Unit5 Grammar -ing form as adverbial,Part 1:,-ing form as adverbial,语态,时态,V-ing 的时态和语态:,doing not doing,having done not having done,being done not being done,having been done not having been done,He sat there. He read a newspaper.,He sat there and read a newspaper.,He sat there, reading a newspaper.
2、,Combine the two sentences:,1.V-ing 作伴随状语：,While crossing the street, you must be careful.,2.V-ing 作时间状语： 相当于时间状语从句,常置于句首,有时为了突出时间, 其前可加 _ 等连词.,when, while,While you cross the street，you must be careful.,Being ill, he didnt go to school.,Because he was ill, he didnt go to school.,3.V-ing 作原因状语： 常置于句
3、首,一般可转化成由 _ 引导的 原因状语从句。,as, because,Working hard, Ill succeed one day.,If I work hard,Ill succeed one day.,4.V-ing 作条件状语：,(Though)Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me.,Though he knows where I live, he never comes to see me.,他怎么还不来呢?,5.V-ing 作让步状语：,Jane fell off the bike, breaking her leg.,
4、He worked day and night, making himself exhausted.,6.V-ing 作结果状语：,and broke her leg.,and made himself exhausted.,He sat there, reading a newspaper.,While crossing the street,you must be careful.,Being ill, he didnt go to school.,Working hard, Ill succeed one day.,Knowing where I live, he never comes
5、 to see me.,Jane fell off the bike, breaking her leg.,动词-ing 作状语,V-ing 作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作或状态同时或几乎同时发生的，或是先于谓语动词发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。V-ing 作状语常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果，多用逗号跟句子其他成分隔开。,1. Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater. 2. Having experienced quite a few ear
6、thquake in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice.,Examine the two sentences:,Part2,1. Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.,grammar discovery,2. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice.,look,make,几乎同时发生,experience,
7、take notice之前,发生在,having done结构: 当从句谓语动作先于主句谓语动作发生，即有明显的先后顺序时，用having done这一非谓语结构作状语。,1.As I looked carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.（非谓语作状语）,2.Because I had experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice.（非谓语作状语）,1. After she had fini
8、shed her work, she went home. 2. Because he had been held by the traffic jam, he couldnt get there on time yesterday.,V-ing 形式的完成式练习,Having finished her work, she went home.,Having been held by the traffic jam, he couldnt get there on time yesterday.,Practice,Complete the sentences with the perfect
9、ing form of verb: invite, give, finish, take, and buy.,1. _the wrong bus, Tom found himself in an unfamiliar district. 2. _ the opinion about protecting the environment, she left the meeting. 3. _ the precious necklace, she had no money left. 4. _his homework, the boy was not allowed to watch Tv. 5.
10、 _ to the party, Mr, Brown had to stay at home watching Tv.,Having taken,Having given,Having bought,Not having finished,Not having been invited,_ (suffer) from the war for many years, the Iraqi people first really enjoyed the great joy on July 29th, when their team won the championship in the AFC 20
11、07, _ (beat) Saudi Arabia with a score of 1:0. This _ (excite) news has greatly cheered up the people in Iraq. The great success is owed to the fantastic players. _ (be) united and optimistic, they overcame the difficulties all the way. _well (train) and _ _(make) great effort, they realized their f
12、ull potential and did a good job in the final match, thus _(create) a wonder in history.,Having suffered,beating,exciting,Being,Having been trained,having made,creating,Attention: 动词-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语 保持一致。,Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.,Looking out through the windo
13、w, we saw the garden was beautiful.,Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking.,I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.,True or False:,独立主格结构,Part 2,区别于分词作状语,分词做状语特点： 现在分词作状语，表主动的动作，或表动作正在进行 过去分词作状语，表被动的动作，或表动作已经完成。,1 When they hear the news, they all jumped with jo
14、y Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 2 When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 3 The children ran out of the room. They laughed and talked merrily. The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.,分词作状语,
15、特点：主句主语和从句主语一致,独立主格结构 Weather permitting, well go sightseeing in Gaopo. All things considered, her paper is of greater value than yours.,结构特点： 主句主语和从句主语不一致,独立主格结构的形式： 名词或代词+分词（doingdone) 名词或代词+不定式 名词或代词+形容词副词 名词或代词+介词短语 名词或代词+名词 There being +名词（代词） It being +名词（代词）,分词独立结构由“名词+being”构成时，being常省略。,名词或
16、代词+分词（doingdone),1）天气允许的话，我们去赣州观光吧。,Weather permitting（If weather permits）, well go sightseeing in Ganzhou.,2)综合来看，他的论文比你的更有价值。,All things considered（If all things are considered）, her paper is of greater value than yours.,He lay on his back, his teeth set, his hands clenched on his breast and his glaring eyes lo
