《浙江省2020年高考英语总复习专题七特殊句式课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《浙江省2020年高考英语总复习专题七特殊句式课件（38页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、专题七特殊句式,高考英语（浙江专用）,考点一倒装句 通常情况下句子的自然语序为“主语+谓语”,但有时为了强调句子的某一部分,或出于词汇用法、语法结构或修辞上的需要,将这种比较固定的语序加以颠倒,就形成了倒装。倒装分为完全倒装、部分倒装和形式倒装。 一、英语句子语序概述,考点清单,二、完全倒装 谓语动词完全置于主语之前的句子便是完全倒装句。这类句型主要有两种: 1.一些表示地点、时间或方位等的副词或介词短语,如:here,there,now,then,up,down,in,out,away,off,in the room,on the wall等,置于句首,且主语是名词时。 Down came
2、the rain and up went the umbrella. 下雨了,伞撑起来了。 Then followed three days of heavy rain. 接下来下了三天大雨。,Out rushed the children laughing loudly.孩子们大笑着冲了出去。 Away flew the plane.飞机飞走了。 In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor. 在英格兰一所大学的一个讲堂里坐着一位教授。 注意:如果主语是人称代词,不能使用完全倒装。 Here it is.它在这儿。
3、 2.such置于句首时。 Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th centurys greatest scientist. 这就是阿尔伯特爱因斯坦,一个质朴的人,也是20世纪最伟大的科学家。,点津此句型中的such多被认为是表语,所以such后的be动词应与其后真正的主语保持一致。 Such are the facts;no one can deny them. 这些就是事实,没有人能否定它们。 此类倒装一般只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。 三、部分倒装 只把谓语的一部分(多为助动词、情态动词或be动词)置于主语之前的句子,叫部分
4、倒装句。这类句型主要有下面几种: 1.so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,意为“也是如此”。 They love making lots of friends;so do I. 他们喜欢交很多朋友,我也是如此。,2.neither/nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语,意为“也不这样”。 Lily cant ride a bicycle;neither/nor can Lucy. 莉莉不会骑自行车,露西也不会。 3.否定词never,seldom,nor,not,little,hardly,scarcely等或表示否定意义的介词短语at no time,under/in no circ
5、umstances,in no case,by no means,on no condition等置于句首时。 Not a single mistake did he make. =He didnt make a single mistake. 他一个错误都没犯。 4.only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,且都放在句首时。,Only then did I begin to understand him. 就在那时,我才开始理解他。 Only in this way can we solve the problem. 只有用这种方法,我们才能解决这个问题。 Only after the war
6、did he learn the sad news. 直到战争结束后,他才知道那个让人难过的消息。 5.so.that.和such.that.句式中,so或such及其所修饰的部分置于句首时,主句用部分倒装。 So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself under-stood. 他英语说得如此清楚,以至于别人都能听懂。,Such progress did he make that he won much respect. 他取得了如此大的进步,以至于赢得了很多尊敬。 四、形式倒装 形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置
7、。它的特点是只把强调的内容提至句首,主谓并不倒装。这样的结构非常多,但有几个重要的句型需要特别注意: 1.感叹句 What an interesting talk they had! =How interesting a talk they had! 他们进行了一次多么有趣的谈话!,2.the+比较级.,the+比较级.句型 The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes. 你听英语听得越多,它就变得越简单。 3.whatever+n.或however+adj./adv.引导的让步状语从句 Whatever reasons you h
8、ave,you should carry out your promise.无论你有什么理由,你都应当履行诺言。 However difficult the problem may be, we must work it out this evening. 不管这个问题多难,我们今天晚上必须把它解决。 4.as引导的让步状语从句中,一般把所强调的信息放在句首;though引导的让步状语从句中也可以这样倒装。 Young as/though he was, he was successful. 尽管他很年轻,但他获得了成功。,Child as/though he is, he knows muc
9、h. 尽管他是个孩子,但他知道很多。 题组训练用倒装句完成句子 From opposite the streetcome two kids(冲出了两个孩子), scream-ing in panic. Such is the kindness of the nurse(那位护士是如此的善良)that the patient can never be enough grateful to her. Only in this waycan you pass the test(你才能通过这次测试). Never beforehave I had such a nice meal(吃过这么好的饭).
10、Only when you can find peace in your heartwill you keep good rela-tionships with others(你才能和别人相处的好).,考点二强调句 一、强调句型 1.强调句型的陈述句形式:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。被强调部分为“人”时可用who/that,被强调部分是“事物”时用that。 It is I who/that am right.(强调主语) It was him that/who we met at the school gate.(强调宾语) It was in the par
11、k that Tom lost his watch.(强调状语) 2.强调句型的一般疑问句形式:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分? Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out? 第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗?,Is it Professor Wang who teaches you English? 教你们英语的是王教授吗? 3.强调句型的特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/was it that+其他成分? Who was it that broke the window?打破窗户的是谁? When w
12、as it that you called me yesterday? 你昨天给我打电话是什么时候? What is it that you want me to do?你想要我干什么? 4.有时可用It might be.that/who.,It must have been.that/who.句型表示强调。 It might be his father that/who youre thinking of. 你牵挂的可能是他父亲。,It must have been his brother that/who you saw. 你看到的一定是他的弟弟。 5.not.until.结构的强调句型
13、。 其强调句式为:It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他成分。 He didnt go to bed until ten oclock. It was not until ten oclock that he went to bed. 直到10点他才上床睡觉。 I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a fa
14、mous film star. 直到她摘掉墨镜我才认出她是一个著名影星。,二、对谓语动词的强调 It is/was.who/that.结构不能强调谓语动词。如果需要强调谓语动词,用助动词do,does或did。 Do come this evening.今天晚上一定要来啊。 He did write to you last week.上周他的确给你写信了。 Tom does study hard now.现在汤姆的确学习很努力。 三、特殊疑问句中以“the devil”“on earth”“in the world”表“究竟;到底”之意来起到强调的作用 What on earth are yo
15、u doing?你究竟在做什么?,题组训练用强调句翻译下列句子 我确实通知了他这件事情。 I did inform him of this thing. 她终于明白了是她的丈夫Tom救了她。 She finally understood it was her husband Tom who saved her. Smith先生生气是因为Jack上学迟到吗? Was it because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry? 他想知道究竟是谁拿走了他的钥匙。 He wondered who it was that took away
16、 his keys. 直到读了那封信,他才完全明白发生了什么。 It was not until he read the letter that he fully realized what had hap-pened.,考点三其他特殊句式 一、省略与替代 (一)定语从句中的省略现象 限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that,which,whom常可以省略。如:She is the girl(whom/who/that)I would like to work with. (二)状语从句中的省略现象 1.当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中的谓语部分含be动词时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词,这时从句中可出现下列结构: (1)连词(though,if,when等)+形容词 Work hard when(you are)young,or youll regret. 年轻的时候要努力学习,否则你会后悔。,(2)连词(as if,while等)+介词短语 He looked everywhere as if(he was)in
