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1、1,Chapter 2 How to Write a Scientific Paper,2,Think About,What is the clear structure of a scientific paper? Which sections do you need to address in detail? What contents does an abstract usually include? What aspect should you importantly show in this paragraph? How many words around are necessary
2、 for an abstract? Is it better to write the abstract after the rest of paper is completed? Can an abstract refer to other parts of the paper or figures/tables?,3,Think About,What contents does an introduction usually include? What does the “setting” mean? What does the “gap” mean? What is addressed
3、in a conclusion section? What should be described in the main part of a scientific paper? Is it important to cite the literature carefully and fully according to the requirement of the journal or conference proceeding you submit to? What tips have you obtained from this chapter?,4,The Clear Structur
4、e of a Scientific Paper,5,Abstract,Abstract is a concise single paragraph summary of the entire paper that includes background, purpose, method, result and conclusion in the research Most importantly, you should show the originality of your research in this section, otherwise people may not have int
5、erest in reading the following contents,6,Abstract,An abstract is usually written in no more than two hundred words It is easier to write the abstract after the rest of paper is completed. After all, it is difficult to summarize something that is not yet written An abstract should stand on its own,
6、and NOT refer to any other part of the paper including figures and tables. This summary focuses on the proposed method and result, and limits background information to a sentence or two, or even omits if not absolutely necessary,7,Introduction and Conclusion,Introduction is actually the extension of
7、 the abstract. This section gives the reader an initial overview of this work. It usually includes setting, review of literature, gap/purpose, method, result, and overview of the contents,8,Introduction,Setting means opening up the subject. Your subject may be nonverbal language in human-computer in
8、teraction, face detection in images, or whatever. Setting lets the reader see your research area at a glance Review of literature means surveying the past work relevant to this paper. Here you should mention previous works and both of their contribution and limitation Then you indicate the current g
9、ap or the problem that will be resolved in your paper, and what your research motivation or purpose is Next introduce your method, and briefly describe what have been done and achieved from this work Finally overview the contents in this paper to give a clear clue,9,Conclusion,Conclusion simply summ
10、arizes what has been accomplished in this paper. This section reemphasizes the main purpose or hypothesis of this work, reviews findings, describes advantages and limitations as well, and recommends possible applications and future direction,10,Note,Many readers would read ONLY the introduction and
11、conclusion of your paper. The two sections must be written carefully and thoroughly, so the basic idea of your research can be understood by someone who does not read the main body of your paper,11,Main body of a paper,The main body of a paper consists of the method, result and discussion (optional)
12、 In the main body of the paper, you should define all the terminologies, notations, and abbreviations to be used first, and then work toward the details From developing the equations on which your research is based to describing your methodology or algorithm step by step, you should do your best to
13、let the result or achievement be obtained smoothly and understandably,12,Reference,Peer reviewers judge what your work is based on by looking through your references The source and range you have read about decide your research level, so cite your literature carefully and fully according to the requ
14、irement of the journal or conference proceeding you submit to,13,Useful tricks,Finish a complete draft first. In writing your first draft, dont worry if the wording is not perfect or the grammar is not correct, but just put down the words as you are explaining what you are working on to a very good
15、friend. Polishing the paper comes later!,14,Useful tricks,Express your ideas as concisely as possible. Make sure that your materials are easy for a reader to follow. Keep in mind that your readers probably understand less than you think. Each paragraph should only have one main point. It is recommen
16、ded to state the central point in a topical sentence at beginning of the paragraph. Avoid mixing different ideas in the same paragraph,15,Useful tricks,Avoid foggy writing. Reduce the length of your sentences by breaking long sentences into shorter ones. Get rid of as many complicated words as possible by using simpler words instead. Get rid of as many abstract words as possible, because abstract words often convey a different meaning to the reader than the one you intended,16,Useful tricks,Use
