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1、*,of 13,The Trial that Rocked the World,18 September 2013 By: Ma Qiao,The Scopes Trial,The first day,On July 10,people had taken on a circus atmosphere.,The first day,What can you tell from the atmosphere?,Conflict,Science,Religion,Darwinism,Bible,Judges of the Monkey Trial,The Scopes Trial,The firs
2、t day,The first day,The local minister to open the session with prayer.,Darrow got up to make his opening statement.,Byran rose to address the jury. The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below.,Malone popped up to reply.,There is never
3、 a duel with the truth.,The second day,Burst into applause and shout of “Amen”,Break into a storm of applause,DARWIN IS RIGHT INSIDE,Outside the court while adjourning,One shop announced:,Display an ape.,The climax and verdict of the trial,Trump card,Trump card,Trump card,Darrow called Byran as a wi
4、tness.,RIDICULOUS,Result： The jurymens verdict: guilt The judges sentence: $100 and costs,VICTORY,Figure of Speech,Hyperbole exaggerated statement that is made for special effect and is not meant to be taken literally. （用于达到某种特殊效果的夸大陈述，且不能按照字面意义解释。）,The trail that rocked the world（Title）,夸张,移就,Trans
5、ferred epithet,Transferred epithet is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from noun it should rightly modify to another to which it does not really belong.,将本应该用来修饰某一类名词的修饰语用来修饰另一类名词,Transferred epithet,“Dont worry, son, well show them a few tricks
6、.” Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open. (Para. 2),就在我们静候着法庭开审的时候，达罗关切地搂住我 的肩膀低声安慰道：“别担心，孩子，我们会给他们点厉害瞧瞧。”,翻译,移就,Classification,Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to ope
7、n. reassuring属于描写人的表述词语，移来描写人体的一部分，说明某种行为动作，使之带上人的情感。,Darrow walked slowly round the baking court (Para. 14) 达罗绕着那气氛紧张、异常闷热的法庭踱着步。 baking本来是指烤面包，所以作者在此移来说明另一具体事物court，描述法庭在审理这场震惊世界的审判时紧张而闷热的气氛。,adj.+ sb. adj.+ sth.,adj. + something -adj.+ another thing,adj. +sth. adj.+sb.,He is not an easy writer .
8、他是一个作品很难读懂的作家。easy本来用于说明事物,即修饰作品而不是作家,作者在此移用来修饰人writer, an easy writer等于a writer whose works are easy to read作品易懂的作家。,Oxymoron,It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos and proud humility.,两个
9、互相矛盾，互不调和的词 放在同一个短语中，产生特殊的深刻含义的一种修辞手段。,Dudley Field Malon called my conviction a “victorious defeat” (Para. 45),定义,矛盾修饰体,Oxymoron,adj. + n. proud humility 骄傲的谦卑 present participle adj. speaking silence 千言万语的沉默 past participle adj. long-lived death永生的死亡,adj. + adj. bitter-sweet memories 苦甜参半的回忆 poor
10、rich guys 贫穷的富人 cold pleasant manner 冷淡热情的态度 bad good news 坏的好消息,adv. + adj. a wisely stupid idea 自作聪明的傻主意 a mercifully fatal blow 仁慈的致命打击 Falsely true words. 虚伪诚实的话,adj. + n. proud humility 骄傲的谦卑 present participle adj. speaking silence 千言万语的沉默 past participle adj. long-lived death永生的死亡,Antithesis,
11、The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below. (Para. 20),基督徒相信人来自天上，进化论者则认为人一定是来自地下。,对照,Pun,One shop announced: DARWIN IS RIGHTINSIDE. (Para. 26),有家商店的招牌上写道：达尔文：没错就在里面。,句中Darwin既为此店老板的名字，又是科学家达尔文的名字。right既有“一直、正好”，也有“正确的”含义，故此句的字面意思是:“达
12、尔文服装店”，但此句也可理解为“达尔文学说是正确的”。,双关语,Example,Judge: Order! Order! Order in the court!Prisoner：Ill take a ham sandwich（火腿三明治） on rye with beer.,这是一则幽默笑话，作者利用order一词的双关，它既有秩序、肃静之意，又可作“点菜”之解来制造幽默，法官在法庭上说order，是要犯人安静，而犯人利用order也可作动词“点菜”的意思，故意捣乱，令人捧腹大笑，幽默感油然而生。,富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin）有这样一句名言:We must all hang
13、together，or we shall hang separately.这里hang一词具有“团结”和“吊死”的意思。富兰克林用这样精练的一句话告诫人们团结的重要性如果不团结在一起，就可能会被一个个吊死。,Irony,After a while, it is the setting of man against man and creed against creed until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the 16th century when bigots lighted faggots to burn the me
14、n who dared to bring any intelligence and enlightenment and culture to the human mind. (Para. 14),Irony is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by 。saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense. 即通常所谓的说反话，正意反说，反意正说，常用于讽刺或嘲弄的场合,要不了多久，社会上便会是一种人与人为仇，教派与教派为敌的局面，直到我们的社会大踏步地退回到十六世纪那光辉的年代，那时如果有谁胆敢给人类带来智慧、知识和文化，就会被那些愚昧的偏执狂们点燃柴堆活活烧死。”,definition,反语,反语,Thanks For Listening,18 September 2013 By: Ma Qiao,
