2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解4:E字部

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1、2020 年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解 专题四E 字部 1. edge n.边缘 关联词组: on the edge of在的边缘 熟词僻义: edge还可以用来表示“优势”,例如:competitive edge 竞争优势;常用于have an edge over 的 结构,表示“略胜一筹,比更有优势”: You have an edge over your competitors. 你们比竞争对手有优势。 同义词: advantage n.优点,优势 (2019,浙江卷,阅读B)To avoid accidents, some trampolines have 8 safety net

2、 around them. Remember: whenever you are on a trampoline, be careful not to jump near the edge of it. 2. education n.教育,培养 关联词组: physical education=P.E.体育课,体育教育;higher education 高等教育 词性转换: educate v.教育,培养; educated adj.受过教育的,有教养的 (2019,湖北卷,阅读B) 70. What would the writer probably talk about in the fo

3、llowing paragraph? A. Advice on how to sleep well. B. Ways of changing kids education . C. The importance of sleeping well. D. Measures parents and schools should take 3. effort n.努力,艰难的尝试 1 表示“作出努力”,通常用make an effort 这样的形式,其中an 可换成 another/one more,every 等;如果 中间不使用限定词,则 effort 需用复数, 即 make efforts:

4、 You must make efforts to achieve your dream. 你必须好好努力实现你的梦想。 2表示做某事的努力,通常在 effort 后面接 to do 结构: He made every effort to get it. 他竭尽全力得到它。 3 更多短语: spare no effort 不遗余力; without effort毫不费力 (2019, 北京卷,阅读 D) When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to

5、 the library 4. electric adj.电的,带电的,用电的 electric 和 electrical 的区别: 1 electric 指“电的,带电的,用电的”,被修饰的物体本身可带电,如electric guitar 电吉他 2electrical 指“与电有关的,电气科学的”,被修饰的对象本身不带电,如 electrical engineer 电气工程师 关联词组: electric car 电车; electric power 电功率,电源;electric system 电力系统; electric energy 电能 词性转换: electricity n.电,

6、电流 (2019, 山东卷,阅读 C) Wind makes windmills spin ( 旋转 ). When the windmills spin, they make electricity . Then we can use the electricity. 5. encourage v.鼓励 用法: encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 词性转换: courage n.勇气; encouragement n.鼓励; encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的 反义词: discourage v.阻止,使气馁 (2019,北京卷,阅读B)That enco

7、uraged Sally and she worked even harder. 6. end n.末尾,终点,结束;v.结束,终止 名词词组: in the end=at last=finally最后,终于; at the end of 在尽头;在结束时;from beginning to end 自始至终; put an end to sth.结束(终止)某事;sth. comes to an end某事结束了 动词词组: end in sth. 以为结尾;以为结果;end up with/doing sth. 最终成为,最后处于; 以告终 反义词: start,begin v.开始; b

8、eginning n.开始,起初 (2019,浙江卷,阅读C)But the peace ended the day the British mans pig decided to eat some of an American farmers potatoes. 7. energy n.能量,能源;精力 关联词组: new energy 新能源; clean energy 清洁能源; save energy 节约能源; full of energy 充满活力 用法: put (all) sbs energies into sth.表示“把某人的(全部)精力投入到某事中”;常和time 并列使

9、用: She put all her energies into her work. 她把全部精力都投入到工作中去了。 (2019,北京卷,完形)I don t regret putti ng time and energy into the election because Ive learned that things aren t always going the way I expect. 8. enjoy v.享受,喜欢 1enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun 玩的开心,过的愉快; 2 enjoy doing sth.=like doing

10、sth. 喜欢做某事,乐于做某事;注意enjoy 后面不接动词不定式; 3 通常 enjoy 为及物动词,后面要接宾语。例外是在口语中可以说“Enjoy! ”,表示请对方好好享受(用)。 词性转换: enjoyment n.享受,乐趣;enjoyable adj.令人愉快的 (2019,浙江卷,单项填空) 2.- Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our_? - Yes, I slept well and I like the breakfast. A. hotel B. school C. factory D. company 9. enough adj.足够的

11、,充分的;adv.足够地,充分地 1 作形容词:可作为限定词修饰名词,要么修饰不可数名词,要么修饰可数名词复数;常用句式有: enough+名词 +for 或者 enough+名词 +(for sb.) to do sth. : There is enough food for all people. 有足够多的食物给所有人吃。 I have enough time to finish the job. 我有充足的时间来完成这项工作。 2 作副词: enough 要放在被修饰的形容词/副词之后;常用句式有:形容词/副词 +enough+(for sb.) to do sth. : This a

12、rticle is not easy enough for you to understand. 这篇文章对你们来说太难理解了。 (2019,山东卷,词性转换) 62. The little boy said, I am old enough to take good care of _.(my) 10. enter v.进入;输入,登记 用法:1enter 后面可接宾语,也可不接;通常不用被动语态;2还可用在与计算机相关的语境,表示“输 入,登录,登记”; 3 enter for 表示“报名参加(考试、比赛)”。 词性转换: entrance n.进入;入口:No Entrance.禁止入内

13、; entrance exam入学考试 同义词: enter=go into=get into (2019,山东卷,阅读D)The smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic (淋巴) system, and may even reach the liver ( 肝脏 ), said Philipp Schwabl, who took part in the research. 11. environment n.环境 关联词组: natural environment 自然环境; living/working/s

14、ocial environment生活 /工作 /社会环境; protect the environment 保护环境 词性转换: environmental adj.环境的: environmentally friendly环保的 (2019,北京卷,阅读C)One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we re exposed(接触 ) to new environments and experiences. 12. especially adv.特别,尤其 1 especially 在句

15、中可修饰名词、 动词、形容词、介词短语等, 一般放在被修饰词的前面:Its very cold in winter, especially in Beijing. 冬天很冷,尤其是在北京。 2 especially 在句中还可用来修饰状语从句:Sunglasses are very useful especially when the sun is strong.太阳镜 非常有用,尤其是阳光很强的时候。 3 especially 在逻辑上已有极限意义,故无比较等级。 易混单词: specially adv.特别地;特意,专门:He bought the flower specially for

16、 her. 他特意为她买了鲜花。 (2019,山东卷,阅读表达)The audience found this announcement especially _13_ and started to throw even more money onto the stage. 13. A. funny B. lucky C. helpful D. painful 13. every adj.每一,每个的 用法: every 表示“每个”,其后通常接可数名词单数,一般不接名词复数或不可数名词。 every 和 each的区别: 1every 只能做形容词,而且 each还可以用作代词,直接充当主语或者宾语。 2 二者均指“每个”,但every 侧重全体;而each 侧重各个个体,比较: I know every member of the class. 全班的人我都认识。(概括全体) I know each mem

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