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1、湖南省茶陵县高中英语UnitBacktothepastLanguagepoints教案牛津译林版必修 作者： 日期：2 。内部文件，版权追溯内部文件，版权追溯内部文件，版权追溯Unit 3 Back to the pastLanguage points Teaching aims:Students will learn to use some important phrases and key words.Teaching procedures:IImportant phrases1. A British club arranged for high school students to go
2、 on a cultural tour of places where there are lost civilizations. civilization u 文明，文明世界，文明社会；现代生活的舒适环境或文明设施 c/u （特定时期和地区）社会文明e.g. Astronauts circling the earth are able to keep in touch with civilization by radio. 环绕地球飞行的宇航员可通过无线电与文明世界保持联系。Environmental damage threatens the whole of civilization.环境
3、的破坏威胁着整个文明世界。American civilization differs from ours.美国的社会和生活方式与我们不同。We are proud of the civilizations of ancient China.我们为古代中国的文化而感到自豪。What happened in that country horrified civilization.那个国家发生的事情令文明国家震惊。 civilize vt. 使文明，使开化；教化， 熏陶，使文雅 civilized adj. 文明的，开化的； 有教养的，文雅的e.g. Please be civilized. 请文雅
4、点。 call at a civilized hour 在别人方便的时候去拜访 civilized service 文明礼貌的服务Many a rough man in that country has been civilized by his wife.在那个国家有许多粗野的男人都被妻子教化好了。Such things are not allowed to happen in a civilized society.这样的事情在文明社会是不允许发生的。2. I feel lucky to have won a place on this trip. win a place 意思是“赢得资格
5、”e.g. She will someday win a place in musics hall of fame. 她将来会在音乐方面获得不朽的成就。填空：She has _ in the Olympic team.她已获得奥运代表队的队员资格。He _ in the first team.他失去了甲级队员的资格。Key: won a place lost his place3. The city was founded in the 8th century BC. found vt. 建立；创建；创办e.g. Her family founded the college in 1895.
6、她家族1895年创办了这所学院。 The town was founded by English settlers in 1790. 这座城市是英国移民于1790年建立的。4. In 89 BC, the Romans took over Pompeii. take over 接任；接管；接收e.g. You watch them until ten oclock, and then Ill take over. 你看他们看到10点钟，然后我接班。CBS records _ by Sony. 哥伦比亚广播公司的唱片公司已被索尼公司收购。When Mr. Green retired, his s
7、on _ the business from him. 格林先生退休后由他儿子接管他的生意。What is good and still useful _ _. 好的有用的东西应该继承。Key: was taken over took over should be taken over5. Many people were buried alive, and so was the city. so was the city “so + 助动词 + 主语”这一结构主要用来说明前面所说的情况也同样适用于后面的人或物，意为“也一样”。e.g. He passed the exam, and so d
8、id I. = He passed the exam, and I passed the exam, too. = Both he and I passed the exam. 他通过了考试，我也通过了考试。 /他和我都通过了考试。注意区分：“so + 主语 + 助动词”结构则主要用于加强语气，其意为“的确如此、确实如此”，表示后者赞同前者的话或意见，只是进一步强调并重复前句所述的内容。前后句的主语指的是同一个人或物。e.g. He has done a good job. 他干得不错。 So he has. 他的确干得不错。6. People started to dig in the ar
9、ea for treasure, which caused much damage. damage v. 损失；损害，损坏e.g. An earthquake sometimes causes great damage. 地震有时造成重大损失。单词辨析damage, destroy, ruindamage是破坏，常常是局部的，或可以修好的。 e.g. The storm did a lot of damage to the crops. 暴风雨使庄稼受到了很大损失。 destroy 强调以具有摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉。 e.g. The building was completely
10、destroyed by fire. 建筑物被大火彻底焚毁了。 ruin 作动词时亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含 有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。 e.g. The crops were ruined by the late frost. 庄稼被晚霜给冻坏了。7. It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city. flee vt. &vi. 逃避，逃跑；迅速离开 常用结构：flee (from) sb/sth flee (to/into)e.g. He fled
11、 to London after an argument with his family. 他和家人吵架离家去了伦敦。II难句解析1. Near the city was a volcano. 离这个城市不远处有一座火山。 这是一个倒装句。near the city为介词短语作表语，此句的正常语序为： A volcano was near the city。为了保持句子平衡，把介词短语提至句首，此时，要引起句子的全部倒装。例如：On top of the books are the photo albums youre looking for. 你要找的相册在那些书的上面。West of th
12、e lake lies the famous city.这个著名的城市在湖的西面。2. The city was forgotten for many years until the 18th century when a farmer discovered a stone with writing on it. 本句主句为The city was forgotten for many years until the 18th century；when引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词the 18th century。当先行词是表示时间或地点的名词时，定语从句用关系副词还是关系代词来引导，要根据关系
13、词在定语从句中所担当的句子成分来决定。(1) 当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词。e.g. I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together. 我永远忘不了我们一起度假的日子。 I know a place where we can have a picnic. 我知道一个我们可以野炊的地方。(2) 当先行词在定语从句中作其他成分时，用关系代词。e.g. I will never forget the days that / which we spent together. 我永远忘不了我们一起度过的日子。 I know a place that / which is famous for its beautiful natural scenery. 我知道一个以自然景色优美
