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1、 牛津英语模块1至模块4语法总结及练习第一单元一 定语从句：定语从句的介绍1. 就像是一个形容词或介词短语修饰名词一样，定语从句也可以修饰名词。定语从句所修饰的名词称为先行词。形容词： The green team介词短语：The team in green定语从句：The team who were wearing green2. 定语从句通常由关系代词来引导，如which, that, who, whom, whose,或关系副词来引导，如when, where, why。关系代词可以在定语从句中担当主语，宾语，表语，定语；关系副词可以在定语从句中担当状语。如：做主语The trees w
2、hich are on the school campus have lost their leaves.做宾语The student whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school.做表语Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be.做定语She has a brother whose name I cant remember.做状语The school where he studied is in Shenzhen.二 定语从句：关系代词：that，which，who，whom
3、，和whose1. 在定语从句中，that和which用来指代物。eg：This is the story that /which we wrote for our storytelling contest.2. 在定语从句中，who 用来指代人。eg：I am going to see a friend who has just come back from the UK.3. 当who在定语从句中做宾语时，可以用whom来取代，且whom比who更正式。eg：I dont know the name of the teacher who/whom I saw in the computer
4、 room the other day.4. 当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，who，whom，which和that可以被省略。eg：He likes all the birthday presents(that/which)his friends gave him.5. Whose用来表示所属，它既可指人也可指物。eg：I sat next to a girl whose name was Diane.The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon.第二单元一 定
5、语从句：介词提前的定语从句（prepositionwhich; prepositionwhom）1. 当关系代词（which/whom）做定语从句中介词的宾语时，可以把介词提到关系代词的前面。eg：We thought you were a person from whom we could expect good decisions.2. 在非正式英语中，介词通常放在定语从句的最后。eg：Art is the subject which I know little about.3. 如果介词放在定语从句的最后，which 可以被that取代，whom可以被that和who取代。eg：Dad
6、is a person whom/that/who I can easily talk to.4. 当关系代词做定语从句中介词的宾语，并且介词又放在定语从句的末尾时，我们通常省略关系代词who和that。eg：The topic (which) Eric is interested in is Physics.Daniel is the person (whom) I want to make friends with.5. 当先行词是way时，我们用in which或that来引导定语从句，这种情况下，in which或that 可以被省略。eg：I didnt like the way (
7、that /in which) she talked to me.二 定语从句：关系副词：when，where，why1 我们通常用关系副词when 引导先行词是time，moment，day，season，year 等的定语从句。eg：Do you remember the day when we left you in charge?I often think of the moment when I saw the UFO.2 我们通常用关系副词where引导先行词是place，house，city，country，city，world等的定语从句。eg：The police searc
8、hed the house where the thief had stayed.This is not a family where bad behavior goes unpunished.3 我们通常用关系副词why引导先行词是reason的定语从句。eg：I dont know the reason why the house is so dirty.4 在更加正式的英语中，where，when和why能够被介词which 所替代。eg：The study is the place where/in which I often have talks with my father.Thi
9、s is the reason why/for which my parents got home earlier.It rained the whole day when/on which he traveled with his family.第三单元一 定语从句：非限制性定语从句1 非限制性定语从句是一个为主句添加额外信息的从句，在非限制性定语从句前通常有个逗号。eg：Amy, who took weight-loss pills, now realizes that health is important.My pills are in the bathroom, where I al
10、ways keep them.2 当先行词是整个主句时，可以用which来引导定语从句。eg：He missed the show, which was a great pity.3 我们可以用allwhom/which 来表示全部数量，用some ofwhom/which来表示部分数量。eg：I am doing different types of exercises, all of which are quite helpful to my health.Many people, some of whom are not overweight, are going on diet.定语从
11、句练习1. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one2. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one3. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one4. The wolves hid the
12、mselves in the places _ couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that5. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what6. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether7. Ill tell you
13、 _ he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which8. That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which9. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what10. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were
14、 in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that11. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out. A. that againsts B. that against C. who is against D. who are against12. Didnt you see the man _?I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just
15、 now13. Is there anything _ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs14. - “How do you like the book?” - “Its quite different from _ I read last month.” A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what15. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _ who had already taken them. A. the ones B. ones C. some
