《人教版七年级英语下册第八单元知识点总结（最新-编写）3312》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教版七年级英语下册第八单元知识点总结（最新-编写）3312（7页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Unit 8 Is there a post office near here? 一重点单词和短语 post office 邮局go straight 沿着.直走 police station 警察局 turn right=turn to the right 向右拐 pay phone 投币式公用电话turn left=turn to the left 向左转 on the Fifth Avenue 在第五大街 go along=walk along=go down 沿着走 across from 在.对面on ones left 在某人的左边 next to 紧靠on the right 在
2、右边 betweenand.在和之间at the first crossing 在第一个十字路口 in front of 在前面welcome to欢迎到. in the neighborhood 在附近a house with a beautiful garden 一个带漂亮花园的 near here 在这附近 enjoy reading 享受阅读 take a walk=have a walk 散步look like 看起来 take a taxi 乘出租车have a good trip 旅途愉快 the way to 去.的路上have fun 玩到开心 二重点单词和短语 1. The
3、re be 句型句型 (1)结构：There be+sb./sth. +地点地点 表示“在某地有某人或某物” （there 是引导词，没有词义；be 是谓语 动词；某人/物是主语，地点作状语，多为介词短语） E.g. There is a bank in the neighborhood. (2)There be 句型的谓语动词句型的谓语动词 be 在人称和数上应以后面的第一个名词保持一致。在人称和数上应以后面的第一个名词保持一致。 如果后面的名词是可数名词单数或不可数名词，谓语动词用 is. E.g. There is some salad on the table . 如果后面的名词是可数
4、名词复数，谓语 动词用 are. E.g. There are some students in the classroom. 如果 There be 句型中有多个名词，be 动词通常与第一个名词保持人称和数的一致。 E.g. There is a boy and two girls in the room. There are two girls and a boy in the room. (3)There be 句型的一般疑问句：将句型的一般疑问句：将 be 动词提到句首。动词提到句首。 Are there any students in the classroom?肯定回答：Yes,
5、there is /are. 否定回答：No, there isnt/arent. E.g. Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is ./No ,there isnt. (4)There be 句型的否定句：在句型的否定句：在 be 后加后加 not E.g. There is a post office near hear. There isnt a post office near hear. (5)There be 句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词（组）句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词（组）+be +there +其他其他 E.g. There are
6、three pens in my schoolbag.(请对划线部分进行提问). How many pens are there in your schoolbag? 【拓展】there be 和和 have 都表示“有都表示“有.” ，但有所区别：” ，但有所区别： 含义不同。 there be 结构表示的是“某地有某物/人” ，强调“存在关系” ； have 则表示“某人/某物所有” ，强调“所属关系” 。 E.g. There is a bus in our factory. Our factory has a bus. 句型不同。 there be 结构的句型为“There be +某
7、物/某人+某地” ， 否定句是把 not 放在 be 之后，疑问句是把 be 提到句首； have 句型为“某人/某物+ have/ has +某物/某人” ，否定句通常是在 have 前加 dont ( has 前加 doesnt )， 疑问句是在句首加 do（第三人称单数加 does） 。 E.g. There isnt a cat under the chair. She doesnt have two brothers. 用 there is 或 there are 还是用 have 或 has 均取决于句子的主语。但 there be 句型里有两个或多个并列 主语时，be 习惯上和最
8、靠近的那个在数上保持一致。 E.g. There is a bike under the tree. There are some bikes under the tree. There is an apple and two oranges on the table. You have a new book./ You have some new books. He has a new book./ He have some new books. 当表示某物的构成和组成部分时，用 there be 和 have 均可。 E.g. Our school has twenty classes.
9、(= There are twenty classes in our school.) 2. across from 意为“在的对面” ，后面接表示地点的名词或代词。意为“在的对面” ，后面接表示地点的名词或代词。 E.g. We live across from the street. There is a bank across from the library. 表示“在的对面”的短语还有： on the other side of. The bus stop is on the other side of the river. be opposite to. The fruit sho
10、p is opposite the post office. 3、next to 表示“在表示“在.旁边；靠近；紧挨着” ，后接表地点的名词或代词。旁边；靠近；紧挨着” ，后接表地点的名词或代词。 E.g. The pay phone is next to the library. The garden is next to my house. 【辨析】near 也表示“在.旁边” ，但与 next to 有所区别： 从空间上讲，near 只表示“在.旁边；在.附近”而 next to 有“紧挨着”之意；也就是说 next to 比 near 靠的更近。试比较： E.g. Peter sits
11、 next to Mike. Peter sits near Tom. 4.【辨析】between 和和 among between 表示“在.中间” ，常与 and 连接，构成短语 between.and.，指在两者之间 E.g. I sit between Lucy and Lily. among 也表示“在.中间” ，指在三者或三者以上的中间。 E.g. My brother is among those boys. 5. 【辨析】in front of/ in the front of 都表示“在都表示“在.前面”前面” in front of指在物体外部的前面There is a b
12、ank in front of the hospital in the front of指在物体内部的前面The teachers desk is in the front of the classroom. 6. cross 动词动词 表示“横过；越过”表示“横过；越过” E.g. He has to cross the river to school. across 介词 表示“横过；穿过” E.g. He has to walk across the river to school. Through 介词，表示“（从中间）穿过” E.g. go through the forest/pa
13、rk 注：across 表示从一定范围的一边另一边, 动作在物体表面进行。 E.g. go/walk across the road/bridge/street 7. spend 动词，表示“花（时间、金钱） ”动词，表示“花（时间、金钱） ” spend on sth.（名词） “在某事或某物上花费金钱或时间” E.g. I usually spend one hour on my homework. Linda spends ten yuan on this book. spend (in) doing sth. “花费金钱或时间做某事 ” E.g. I usually spend one
14、 hour (in) doing my homework. She often spends twenty minutes (in) walking to school. 8. pay 动词，表示“付钱；付费；付款” （过去式为动词，表示“付钱；付费；付款” （过去式为 paid） pay for +物 “付钱买某物” E.g. He paid for the books. pay +钱+for +物 “付多少钱买某物” E.g. He paid 200 yuan for the books. pay sb. some money for sth. E.g. He paid her 20 do
15、llars for the shoes. 9. see/watch/hear sb. doing sth. 表示“看见表示“看见/观看观看/听见某人正在做某事”听见某人正在做某事” E.g. I love to watch the monkeys climbing around. I often hear some girls singing in the classroom. 10. To get to the park, you just have to cross Center Street. to get to the park 是目的状语前置是目的状语前置， just 起增强语气的作
16、用，和此处的 have to 表示“只要，仅需” 。 E.g. To get a good grade, we must study hard. 11. enjoy 动词，表示“享受；喜爱”动词，表示“享受；喜爱” enjoyable adj. 表示“高兴的” enjoy sth./sb. “喜欢某物/某人” E.g. Do you enjoy this book? enjoy doing sth. “喜欢做某事” E.g. He enjoys listening to music. enjoy oneself =have fun =have a good time 表示“玩得高兴” E.g. Do you enjoy yourself today? have fun (in) doing sth. “做某事很有乐趣”E.g. We hav
