小学英语语法大全-时态一、一般现在时1、定义：表示经常发生或习惯性的动作、状态句中通常有usually，often，every day，sometimes，always，at weekends，on Sundays等表示经常性时间的短语2、构成：1）当谓语是be动词时，一般现在时的构成：主语＋be动词＋其他如：I am a student. He is Jim’s father. They are from Japan.2）当谓语是行为动词时，一般现在时的构成：①主语（非第三人称单数）＋动词原形＋其他如：I often watch TV at the weekends. Mr Green and Mrs Green like collecting stamps.②主语（第三人称单数）＋动词的第三人称单数形式＋其他如：Jim usually visits his grandparents on Sundays. She sometimes goes to the park with her mother. 3、动词三单形式的变化规则：① 一般情况下，直接加s 如：read-reads，swim-swims② 以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾，加es 如：wash-washes，watch-watches，do-does③ 以辅音字母＋y结尾，变y为i，再加es 如：study-studies，fly-flies④ 不规则变化 如：have-has4、一般现在时的句型转换：肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答They watch TVevery day.They don’t watch TVevery day.—Do they watch TV every day?—Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.She watches TVevery day.She doesn’t watchTV every day.— Does she watch TV every day?—Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.二、现在进行时1、定义：表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。
句中常有now，look，listen等词如：I am washing clothes now. Look! Liu Tao is climbing the tree. Listen! Jane is singing in the music room.2、构成：be动词（am/is/are）+ 动词现在分词（V-ing）3、动词现在分词构成：① 一般是在动词原形后加ing 如：read-reading，drink-drinking，eat-eating，look-looking② 以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e，再加ing 如：write-writing，make-making，ride-riding，take-taking③ 以重读闭音节结尾，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写这个字母，再加ing 如：sit-sitting，swim-swimming，put-putting，run-running，stop-stopping，get-getting，begin-beginning，jog-jogging，forget-forgetting4、动名词其实就是动词的现在分词，它既有名词性质（可作主语），又有动词性质（可带宾语）。
如：Asking the wayMy hobby is collecting stamps.He is good at skating. 5、现在进行时的句型转换：肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答He is running now.He isn’t running now. —Is he running now?—Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. They are making a puppet.They aren’t making a puppet.— Are they making a puppet?—Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.三、一般过去时1、定义：表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：a moment ago，just now，yesterday，last week，this morning等如：My brother often went to school by bike last term.The watch was beside the diary a moment ago.I watched the moon and ate the moon cakes last Mid-Autumn Festival.Jim went to the supermarket yesterday.2、构成：主语＋动词的过去式＋其他3、动词过去式的变化规则：① 一般在动词原形末尾加ed 如：play-played，listen-listened，look-looked② 结尾是e的动词，加d 如：live-lived，like-liked，taste-tasted③ 辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加ed 如：study-studied，carry-carried，cry-cried④ 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写这个辅音字母，再加ed 如：stop-stopped，plan-planned⑤ 不规则变化 如：am/is-wasare-werehave/has-haddo-didgo-wentsit-sattell-toldsee-sawget-gotmake-madegive-gaveread-readbuy-boughtcome-camedraw-dreweat-atefly-flewmeet-metput-putrun-ransay-saidsing-sangswim-swamtake-took4、一般过去时的句型转换肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答He watched TV yesterday.He didn’t watch TV yesterday. —Did he watch TV yesterday?—Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.They played games just now.They didn’t play games just now.— Did they play games just now?—Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t.第15讲 一般将来时1、定义：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，以及打算、计划或准备某事。
句中一般含有表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow morning，next week，this afternoon等表示将来的时间状语2、构成：① be gong to +动词原形 如：I am going to see a Beijing opera tomorrow.We are going to meet at bus stop at half past ten.Dad and I are going to see a Beijing opera this afternoon.② will +动词原形 如：They will go swimming this afternoon.3、be going to 和will 区别：① be going to表示经过事先安排、打算或决定要做的事情，基本上一定会发生；will则表示有可能去做，但不一定发生，也常表示说话人的临时决定如：I am going to take part in a party this evening.They are cleaning the library now. I’ll go and join them.②be going to表示近期或眼下就要发生的事情；will表示的将来时间则较远一些。
如：He is going to write a letter tomorrow. I will meet her one day.③ be going to还可以用来表示有迹象表明某件事将要发生，常用于天气等自然现象如：Look! It’s going to rain.4、一般将来时句型转换：肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答She is going to have a picnic tomorrow.She isn’t going to have a picnic tomorrow.—Is she going to have a picnic tomorrow?—Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.They will go swimming this afternoon.They will not(won’t) go swimming this afternoon.—Will they go swimming this afternoon?—Yes, they will. / No, they won’t.。