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1、八年级英语语法归纳整理(下册)Topic1一. 重点词汇( 一 ) 词形转换:1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词) fortable(名词) comfort 4.safely (形容词) safe (名词) safety( 二 ) 词的辨析1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on3. other /else 4. raise /rise5.each /every 6.exciting / excited(三)重点词组:1.go on a visit to 去旅行2. make th
2、e decision 做决定3.bring back 带回4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行5.decide on (upon) sth 对某事做出决定6 see the sunrise 看日出7. make a reservation 预订8. come up with 想出(主意)9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望10. pay for 支付;赔偿11. raise money 筹钱12. book a ticket 订票13. make a room for sb 为订房间14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快15.
3、 in the daytime 在白天16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行17.find out 查出18. some places of interest 名胜19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间20.a hard (soft) sleeper 硬(软)卧21.my pleasure 不客气二.重点句型及重点语言点1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。to tell you 是动词不定式短语， 作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如： I have no
4、thing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do.2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。3. We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我们将要去泰山玩两天。go on a visit to 去参观/旅游 They went to a visit to Egypt last year.类似有：go on a trip / go on a picnica two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 a two-month holiday 两个月的假期an eig
5、hteen-year-old boy 一个18岁的男孩4.Its hard to say. 这很难说。To say 是动词不定式作主语，It 是形式主语。如： Its nice to meet you.5. Ill ask the airline on the phone. 我将打电话问问航空公司。同义句是：Ill phone and ask the airline.6. Bring back your information to class tomorrow and well decide on the best way to go on our field trip. 明天把你们查到的信
6、息带到班上来，然后我们来决定最好的郊游方式。bring back 带回。Please bring back your library books tomorrow.decide on/upon sth 决定，选定 Were trying to decide on a school.7.Its too far for cycling. 骑自行车去路太远了。同义句是：It too far to cycle there.8.How long does it take to reach Mount Tai by?乘去泰山要花多长时间?9.How much does it cost to go ther
7、e ?去那里要花多少钱?How much does a standard room cost ? 一个标准间的价格是多少?10.We have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan for the soft sleeper.我们的票价是硬卧120元，软卧是180元。at 意为“以”，一般用于表示价格，年龄，速度等词的前面，for 意为“供，适合于”。Ive got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music.11.Id like to book 20 tickets for the h
8、ard sleeper. 我要预订20张硬卧票。20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper ticketsbook tickets 预订票 book a room for sb/sth 为预订房间e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我们想预订一些14号的房间。12.Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 请在下午5：30之前付款。Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事e.g. Her parents pa
9、id for her to go to America.她的父母支付她去美国的费用.13. I want to make a hotel reservation. 我想预订房间。make a reservation 预订14. We have rooms with a bathtub 我们有带浴缸的房间。with 有或带着 a house with a swimming poola standard room with two single beds15.Its very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和
10、美国的学校里筹钱是很正常的。raise money 筹钱 We can raise the money ourselves.16.It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一个学生花一美元便可买到一张抽奖的票。(1)each 作主语，谓语用单数 Each of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket. (2)用于单数名词前，作定语，谓语用单数。Each student has their own e-mail address.(3)用于复数主语后，作主语同位
11、语，谓语用复数。They each have their own e-mail address.17. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的来信。Look forward to 盼望，期待 They are looking forward to solving the problem.三.重点语法动词不定式(1) 动词不定式常跟这些及物动词之后，want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用顺口溜(要想拒绝忘记
12、，需要努力学习，喜欢同意帮助，希望决定开始)(2) 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer for me.(3) 不定式可以和疑问词who , which ,when, where ,how, what等连用。 Can you tell me what to say at the meeting ? I dont know how to get to the station.(4) 本topic出现的句子有：I have some exciting news to tell you.I want to mak
13、e a hotel reservation.It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools.The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening.Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets.Topic2一、重点词汇：(一)词形转换：1.explore(名词) explore 2. east (形
14、容词) eastern3.north(形容词) northern 4. push (反义词) pull5.sadly(形容词) sad (名词) sadness 6. crowd (形容词) crowded(二)重点词组:1.make a plan 拟定计划2. make sure 确信，确保3. come along with 和一起来4. at the foot of 在的脚下5. be surprised at 对感到惊奇6. be satisfied with 对感到满意7. out of sight 看不见8. step on ones toes 踩着某人的脚9. cant help
15、 doing sth 忍不住做某事10. spread over 分布于11.rush out 冲出去12.raise ones head 抬头13.ask sb for help 向某人求助14.thank goodness 谢天谢地二. 重点句型及重点语言点1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.当你在旅行时， 我正忙于准备考试。(1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事Im busy preparing for my birthday party these days.(2)w
