《保时捷基本电子培训》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《保时捷基本电子培训（36页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 Electrics/Electronics ?/? Basics ? Service Training ? This brochure does not replace the technical handbook. Dimensions and tolerances are to be found in the technical handbook. ? ? 4 Legend of symbols: Diagnosis Settings Note Programming Safety Technical Manual Contents Page Electrotechnics 6 Elec
2、trical Voltage Electrical Current 8 Effects of current flow Kinds of Current 10 Electrical Resistance Measuring Voltage, Current and Resistances 12 Ohms Law, Combining Resistances 14 Practice Examples for Ohms Law, Electrical Units of Measurement Combining Resistances 16 Electromagnetism 18 Circuit
3、Diagram Layout, Reading and Use 20 Plug-in Connectors 24 Electrical Symbols Electrical Wiring 26 Measuring Quiescent Current 28 Measuring Voltage Drop Notes 30 5 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 电工学 7 电压 电流 9 电流效应 电流类型 11 电阻 测量电压、电流和电阻 13 欧姆定律，组合电阻 15 欧姆定律实例 测量用电学单位 组合电阻 17 电磁学 19 电路图布局，阅读与使用 21 插头 25 电气符号 电气线束 27
4、 测量静态电流 29 测量电压降 注意 31 6 Diagnose Einstellung Hinweis Programmierung Basic Electrics/Electronics Electrical Energy The use of electrical energy in todays vehicles is indispensable. Electrical energy in a powered vehicle must be available in a form that allows starting at any time, provides enough cu
5、rrent when in operation and also, when the vehicle is parked, can operate or the electrical systems for an adequate length of time or monitor these in the background. Renewed starting must always be possible. Some knowledge of electrophysics is basic to understanding how electrical energy is used in
6、 vehicles. Electrotechnics Electricity is a form of energy similar to heat, light, mechanical and chemical energy. It has the following advantages compared to other forms of energy: Large amounts of energy can be transported across long distances. It is easy to change it into other forms of energy s
7、uch as heat, light, mechanical and chemical energy (charging batteries). Changing electrical energy into other energy forms is mostly an environmentally friendly process. All electrical processes depend on the presence and mobility of electrically- charged particles. Electricity is not generated, it
8、 is present in every kind of material. Electrical Voltage An electrical voltage is present when there is a difference in the number of electrons between any two points, for example in a battery. The value of the voltage depends on the difference in the number of electrons. An electrical voltage is g
9、enerated when charges are separated the electrical voltage being a measure of the strength with which the charges attempt to neutralise each other. The negative pole of a battery has an excess of electrons and the positive pole has a deficit of electrons. The unit of electrical voltage is a volt (1V
10、) and is given the symbol U. Notes 7 ? ?/? ? ? ? !#?$%?A?BC? DE?F?GHIJ?HK?LMNO?PQ? ? ? ? !# $?%?AB?CD?EFG?HI? ?JKLIMN?FGAOP?QRS? ? TOPUV10G3?4S6WX?DY?MNZ?KMN? _?A?DY?Z?G?abMN?cde?af ghiS?jk? 3?4lm?no?D?pmqrs?D? ?tu?vw1V6?xy?zU? RST 8 Basic Electrics/Electronics Electrical Current An electrical curre
11、nt can only flow in a closed cur-rent loop. The current is caused by the presence of a voltage. A current loop consists of the generator, the wires, and the load. The current loop can be interrupted with a switch. An electrical conductor contains free electrons. If the current loop is closed, all th
12、e free electrons in the wires and the load are forced to move in the same direction at the same time. The strength of the electrical current is a measure of how many electrons flow through the wire in one second. The direction of current flow as defined technically is from the positive pole (Plus) t
13、o the negative pole (Minus). Actually, however, the electrons flow from the minus pole through the load to the batterys plus pole. Effects of Current Flow If a current is flowing in a conductor or in a device, the electrons move through from atom to atom. This always generates a certain amount of he
14、at, although generally this is not noticeable. If the current becomes too large, however, the conductor heats up considerably. Light effect The filament of a lamp is deliberately heated to the point that it glows. The light output increases as the temperature of the filament rises. This is why metal
15、s with a high melting point such as Wolfram are used. Magnetic effects The magnetic effect of a current is used in all of a vehicles electrical machinery. Chemical effects The chemical effects can only occur in conductors which are liquid in form. Electrolytes are liquids which conduct an electrical current. They separate into their main components when a current is passed
