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1、药学毕业论文开题报告范文荐读 本页是最新发布的药学毕业论文开题报告范文荐读的详细文章，感觉写的不错，希望对您有帮助，为了方便大家的阅读。 开题报告是生实施毕业论文课题研究的前瞻性计划和依据，下面是搜集的药学毕业论文开题报告范文荐读，欢迎阅读查看。 1、选题意义和背景： 万古霉素(Vanycin,VCM)是糖肽类抗生素，1958 年被美国 FDA 批准上市。万古霉素通过干扰细菌细胞壁合成而发挥杀菌作用。本品主要对革兰阳性(G+)菌具有强大的杀菌活性，特别是耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-resistant staphylocous aureus,MRSA)以及耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴
2、性葡萄球菌(Methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylocous,MRS)2.根据 xx 年CHINET 细菌耐药性监测，MRSA 和 MRS 检出率分别平均为47.9%和 77.1%3.由于医院内上述耐药菌日趋严重，万古霉素越来越多地被应用于。然而，万古霉素具有肾、耳毒性，严重者可导致肾衰竭或听力丧失，这些不良反应在老年人中更易出现。因此，安全有效的应用该药物，最大程度减少药物对的损害，并发挥药物的最佳疗效，引起临床高度关注。 2、论文综述/研究基础： 近年来，国内外关于万古霉素群体药动学(Population pharmacokiics
3、,PPK)研究涉及新生儿、成年人、肥胖患者、肾功能不全患者等人群。Sanchez 等4在141 例应用万古霉素的患者中发现，老年人(65 岁，n=40)清除率(Clearancerate,CL)和表观分布容积(Apparent volume of distribution,V)分别为(2.24 1.2)Lh-1和(43.7 5.1)L,而年轻人(65 岁，n=101)CL 和 V 则分别为(4.03 1.7)Lh-1和(28.4 5.3)L,两个群体之间存在统计学差异(p0.05)。 福建医科大学附属第一医院药学部课题组前期已建立成年患者万古霉素PPK 模型，可以为临床制定万古霉素给药方案提供
4、参考依据。为了进一步完善这一体系，本研究拟建立老年患者万古霉素 PPK 模型，辅助临床实现个体化给药。 3、 _： 1 World Health Organization.Men,ageing and health:Achieving health across the life spanJ.xx. 2 Rybak MJ.The pharmacokiic and pharmacodynamic properties of vanycinJ.Clin InfectDis,xx,42 Suppl 1: S35-39. 3 汪复，朱德妹，胡付品，等。xx 年中国 CHINET 细菌耐药性监测J.中国
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