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1、 Junior English- Grammar From : Constance Lee 1 可数名词和不可数名词可数名词和不可数名词 一、名词：名词是所有事物的名称，包括人、物及抽象概念。名词分为普通名词和专有名词两 大类。名词在句子中作主语，宾语或表语等。 1) 可数名词可数名词（Countable Nouns）: 一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为 可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 例如: a book, two books, a student, three students, a family, many families。 名词单数变复数变化如下： 词尾直接
2、加 s 如：catcats bagbags daydays 以 s, sh, ch, x 结尾的词加 es 如：classclasses, matchmatches ,box- boxes, dish - dishes, bus - buses, peach - peaches . 以辅音加 y 结尾的词变 y 为 i 加 es. 元音加 y 结尾的词直接加 s, 如: party-parties city-cities story-stories family-families baby - babies boy- toys monkey- monkeys key- keys 等. 以 f
3、或 fe 结尾的词, 变 f 或 fe 为 v, 加 es, 如: wife - wives, half- halves, shelfshelves, knife - knives, life-lives, leaf-leaves. 注意特殊情况直接加“s”，要逐个记 chiefs, handkerchiefs , roofs. 以辅音加 o 结尾的词常加 es, 如: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes. 元音加 o 结尾直接加 s. 如:radios, zoos, pianos, roof 特殊情况: photos 名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得如: man-men,
4、 woman-women, tooth-teeth, goose-geese, foot-feet, child-children, mouse-mice, oxoxen. （注意：以下单复同形：deer, sheep, species, means, Chinese, Japanese） 2) 不可数名词不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns） 不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词( air, water 等)及抽象名词(advice, hate)等。所 以它通常只有单数形式。如：English, air, water, cotton, work 不可数名词表示数量时，可以用量词来表
5、达(量词有复数形式)其结构是数词+量词+OF+ 名词。如：a bottle of water, two cups of tea, three pieces of paper 不可数名词的类别： 食物：food ,salt, bread, rice, beef, meat, pork, butter（黄油）,cream. 液体：water, juice, milk, coffee, tea, coke, oil, wine. 表示自然现象：snow, ice ,rain, air. 其他类：money, news ,homework, housework, advice（意见）,informat
6、ion（信息，资料） time, work , room(空间), music, weather ,space, sand, furniture（家具）, Junior English- Grammar From : Constance Lee 2 注意：下列词语在不同含义下词性的不同。 chicken 鸡肉（不可数名词） 鸡（可数名词） fish 鱼肉（不可数名词） 鱼的种类（可数名词） room 空间（不可数名词） 房间（可数名词） glass 玻璃（不可数名词） 杯子（可数名词） paper 纸张（不可数名词） 试卷（可数名词） experience 经验（不可数名词） 经历（可数名词）
7、 注意事项： 1 不可数名词没有复数变化， 不能用 A， AN， 但可用 THE， 或不用冠词， 如： bread is the usual breakfast. 2虽然不可数名词没有复数变化，但量词超过一时要加复数。 如：three cups of coffee, five bottles of water 3 有量词修饰时注意名词是否可数， 不可数时用单数， 可数时用复数， 如： ten bags of rice- ten baskets of eggs 跟踪练习跟踪练习 I. 找出下列笑话中的可数名词，并写出其复数形式： In the market, a buyer asked a se
8、ller “How much is this cat, please?” “100 dollars.” “But you only asked for 20 dollars yesterday!” “Yes, thats true. But this cat ate a bird last night and the bird was worth 80 dollars!” II.找出不可数名词，在横线上打勾，并将可数名词变成复数形式： homework _half _ advice_ money _ knowledge _ boot _ blood _ music _ chicken _hea
9、t _mouth _ bread _ information _milk _cow _tear _ III.选择填空： 1The deer has four _. A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots 2Her two brothers are both _. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen D. policemens 3There are four _ and two _ in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, Germ
10、ans 4Two _ would come to the village. A. woman-doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctors 5Can you see nine _ in the picture? A. sheep B. dog C. pig D. horse Junior English- Grammar From : Constance Lee 3 6The _ has two _. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch
11、7The boy often brushes his _ before he goes to bed. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths 8The Japanese _ will not leave China until she finishes her study. A. woman B. women C. man D. men 9There are lots of _ in the basket on the table. A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss 10. The cat caugh
12、t two _ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices 11.The boys have got C already. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 12. The old man wants a . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples 13. There b some in the ri
13、ver. A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish 14. Our English teacher often gives us _in English by e-mail. A. some good information B. some good informations C. good informations D. a good information 15.I would like to have _. A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk C. two glasses o
14、f milks D. two glass of milks 16.What are you listening to, Jack? _or_? A .Music, a news B. Music, news C. Musics, news D. Music, newes 17.I have _to do on Sundays. A. many housework B. much housework C. many houseworks D. much houseworks 18. Many farmers have got lots of _and got much money by selling the_. A. cow, beef B. cows, beef C. cow, beefs D. cows, beefs 19.-Would you like some_? -Oh, yes, just a little. A. milk B. apple C. pears D. news 20.How wonderful! The _is made of_. A. house, glass B. house, glasses C. houses, glass D. houses,
