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1、Grammar,Module 4,现在完成时(Present perfect tense) (一) 现在完成时的基本用法： 1. 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。 I have finished my work. We have set up many new factories.,2. 动作发生在过去, 强调对现在的结果、影响等。 Have you ever seen the film “Harry Potter”? Ive spent 3 years in the countryside.,3. 表示动作发生在过去, 并且一直持续到现在, 甚至还可能继续下去, 句中使用持续性动词,
2、且常有表示一段时间的时间状语。,We havent seen each other for ten years. Ive been an English teacher for about 20 years.,4. 现在完成时可以用在条件或时间状语从句中, 表示将来某个时刻之前已经完成的动作。 e.g. Ill go home as soon as I have finished my homework. Please lend me that book if you have finished reading it.,(二) 使用现在完成时的句型 1) 现在完成时+since + 点时间状语
3、(名词、短语、从句, 其中从句用一般过去时) 2) 现在完成时+ for+ 段时间状语 3) It / This is the first /其他序数词/ last time + that 从句中, 从句使用现在完成时。, 注意: 在下面的句子中, 主句的谓语动词常用一般现在时： It is three years since I began to work on the farm. Its a long time since I saw you last.,现在完成时表示某一已经完成的动作对现在造成的结果或影响, 强调的是现在的情况, 所以不能与表示过去的时间状语连用; 一般过去时只表示某一
4、动作或状态在过去发生或存在过, 与现在不发生联系, 它可以与表示过去的时间状语连用。,(三)现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:,He has read that book. (说明他现在知道那本书的内容) He read that book last year. (只说明他去年读过那本书) He has gone to America. (他现在不在此地, 在美国) He went to America. (只说明他去过美国),(四) 终止性动词与延续性动词： 1. 终止性动词: 表示短暂的运动状态,不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,常用的动词有: come, go, start, begin, le
5、ave, arrive, reach, get, get up , join, marry, open, close, give, lend, borrow, finish, break, see, hear, notice, find, understand, die 等。,2. 延续性动词: 表示长时间的运动状态,能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 常用的动词有: live, study, work, teach, stay, read, play, fly, talk, rain, eat, run等。,1. Has your father returned from Africa yet?
6、Yes, but he _ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia. A. was B. has been C. will beD. would be,高考链接,2. Danny _ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. A. worksB. is working C. has workedD. worked,3. I like these English songs and they _ many times on the
7、radio. A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught 4. So far this year we _ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. （ A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen,5. In recent years many football clubs _ as business to make a profit. A. have run B. have been run C. had been run
8、D. will run,6. The country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992. A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed,7. _ David and Vicky _ married? For about three years. A. How long were; being B. How long have; got C. How long have; been D. How long did; get,8. The unemployment rate in this
9、district _ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling,9. Although medical science _ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning. A. achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieved,moved,Comple
10、te the conversation. Use the preset tense of the verbs in brackets, and for or since where appropriate. Mike: Hi, Kate. Kate: Hi, Mike. Mike: I havent seen your brother around for a long time. _ he _ (move) to a new neighborhood?,Has,Kate: No, he _ _ (move) to a new country! He _ _ (be) in Australia
11、 _ last year. Mike: Australia! Thats great country. _ you ever _ (be) there?,hasnt moved,has,been,since,Have,been,Kate: No, I _ never _ (be) there, but I _ _ (decide) to go later this year. Mike: Great! _ your brother _ (send) you any photos _ he moved there?,have,have decided,Has,since,been,sent,Kate: Yes, in fact, I _ just _ (receive) some. Here they are. This is his new house. He _ recently _ (finish) decorating it.,received,has,finished,have,Thank you!,
