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1、名词性从句总结,1. 名词：,定义： 表示人、事、物、地点或抽象概念的统一名称 分类： 专有名词： 表示具体的人，事物，地点，团体或机构的专有名称 China(中国)、Asia(亚洲) 普通名词： 个体名词 集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词 功能：,1. 名词：,功能： 主语：Tom is a boy. 表语: He is a boy. 同位语: He,my brother, is a boy. 宾语: I want tomatoes. 宾补: I will make my room a beautiful place. 状语: I usually stay at home Sundays. 定语
2、: There is an apple tree. .,2. 名词性从句,定义：在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。 分类： 主语从句：When we will start is not clear. 宾语从句：Her wont believe that her son has become a thief. 表语从句：My idea is that we should do it right now. 同位语从句：I had no idea that you were her friend. 语序：陈述语序 引导词： 连接词：that, whether, if 连接代词：what, w
3、hatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why,2. 名词性从句,引导词： 连接词：that, whether, if (在从句中没有充当成分；起连接作用) 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. （连接主句和从句，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语） 连接副词：when, where, how, why （连接主句和从句，在从句中充当状语）,3. 主语从句,定义：在句中作主语的句子叫主语从句。 位置：可以位于句首，也可用形式主语it
4、放在句首，主语从句放在句末。 What he wants to tell us is not clear. It happened that the two cheats were there. 引导词： 连接词：that, whether, if That she survived the accident is a miracle. Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown. It is still unknown whether/if the plan will be carried out.,引导词： 连接词：that,
5、 whether, if 连接代词：What she saw frightened her. Who has broken the glass is unknown. Whom we should serve is an important question. Which design is the best must be tried in practice. Whose watch was lost is unknown. 连接副词：When the contest will be held still needs to be discussed. Where the contest wi
6、ll be held still needs discussing . How the speech contest will be held still needs discussing . Why the sun rises in the east is interesting.,用it作形式主语的结构: 1. It + be + adj+ 主语从句 (necessary/ important / obvious/certain/natural) It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. 2.
7、It + be + n +主语从句 (a pity/a shame/no wonder/ anhonour/ nosurprise) It is a pity that we wont go to the south . 3. It is/was done +主语从句 (believed/ reported / said/ thought/expected /known) It is said that he has gone to shanghai. 4. It vi +主语从句 (appears/seems /happens/matters/ occurred to) It happene
8、d that the two cheats were there.,主语从句中的虚拟语气 在it作形式主语，that从句做真正主语的情况下，谓语动词可用虚拟语气 “(should) +do”，如： It + be + n +主语从句 Its a pity that we (should) not pass the exam. It + be + adj+ 主语从句 Its important that we (should) study hard. It is/was done +主语从句 （过去分词意为坚持、命令、建议、要求、督促） Its suggested that our studen
9、ts (should) help my patents do some housework.,主语从句的主谓一致 1. 单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 That he stole a bike was true. 2. 如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。 When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown. 3. what 引导的从句根据表达的含义来确定谓语动词的单复数. What we need are books What we need is water.,主
10、语从句中的虚拟语气 在it作形式主语，that从句做真正主语的情况下，谓语动词可用虚拟语气 “(should) +do”，如： Its a pity that we (should) not pass the exam. Its important that we (should) study hard. Its suggested that our students (should) help my patents do some housework.,练习,1. _ she was chosen monitor made her excited. A. WhatB. That C. If
11、D. Whether 2. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A.If B. That C. Whether D. Where,B,C,练习,3. _ would like to devote his whole life to his country should be praised. A. WhoB. Whoever C. Whatever D. Where 4. _ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. A. What B
12、. Whatever C. Who D. Whoever.,B,A,练习,5. _ Li Bai was born is known to the public, but some wont accept it. A.ThatB. WhyC. Where D. How 6. _we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. A. Where B. How C. Why D. When,C,B,4. 宾语从句,定义：在句中作宾语的句子叫宾语从句。 位置： 动词的宾语从句 I wonder if I should go to see
13、him. 介词的宾语从句 He was surprised at what she said. 形容词的宾语从句 I am sorry that I am late. 引导词： 连接词：that, whether, if He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you.,引导词： 连接词：that, whether, if 连接代词：I want to know what he has told you. I dont know who he is. I
14、 dont know whom you mean. I wondered whose the coat it was. I dont know which book is yours. 连接副词：He asked why he had to go alone. You dont know when you are lucky. I asked how he was getting on. Id like to know where the contest will be held.,宾语从句虚拟语气 “持令建球都” 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气(should)+do I suggest that
15、 we should go tomorrow. The doctor insists that I （should）give up smoking. The seller demanded that payment should be made within five days. 注意：如果suggest作“表明、暗示”讲, insist作“坚持说、坚持认为”讲，则其后的宾语从句中应该用陈述语气。,否定转移 当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定not转移至主句。 I suppose that it is true. 我认为那是真的。 否定： I dont suppose that it is true. 我认为那不是真的,宾语从句的时态 1.主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。 The headmaster hopes that everything goes well. 2.主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。 She was sorry that she hadnt finished her work on time. 3.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者规律事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在
