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1、Unit 3 Back to the past Section Welcome to the unit & Reading-Pre-readingThe ancient Loulan City lies on the west bank of Lop Nur Lake in Xinjiang region.The city was founded in the 2nd century BC in an oasis (绿洲) on the Silk Road.But it became less powerful and strong after its 800 years of dev
2、elopment, and disappeared suddenly in the middle of the 6th century AD.At the beginning of last century, a Swedish explorer Sven Hedin discovered the city buried in the desert, which attracted attention from all over the world.The city has already totally turned into dust.But archaeologists (考古学家) b
3、elieve there was a water tunnel running through the city and dividing it into two different functional parts.Large numbers of potsherds (陶瓷碎片), wood pieces, coins, pieces of jewellery and wood slip documents provide us with plenty of information about the ancient city before it disappeared.The study
4、 of the materials of the ruins of Loulan City perhaps can tell us why it disappeared.The archaeologist found that the Loulanese preferred Sun tomb which consisted of 7 circles of logs which became thicker and thicker from center to the outer circle, just like the sun shining.The unique but spectacul
5、ar (壮观的；令人惊叹的) burying form was quite popular at that time but sped up the disappearance of Loulan City.A large amount of forest was cut down, which made Loulan City destroyed by the sandstorms at last.Section_Welcome to the unit & Reading Prereading对应学生用书P62Lost civilizationsDay 1, 15 JulyI feel lu
6、cky to have won a place on this trip.We are in Italy now, and tomorrow we are visiting Pompeii.Next week we are flying to China, and going to Loulan, which is known as Chinas Pompeii in the desert.Both Pompeii and Loulan became lost civilizations long ago.Day 2, 16 JulyThis morning we attended a lec
7、ture about Pompeii.The city was founded in the 8th century BC.In 89 BC, the Romanstook over Pompeii.It then became a rich and busy city.Near the city was a volcano.On 24 August AD 79, the volcano erupted and lava， ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.It continued to erupt
8、for the next two days.Many people were buried alive， and so was the city.How unfortunate！Day 3, 17 JulyToday I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2,000 years ago.How amazing！ The city was forgotten for many years until the 18th century when a farmer discovered a stone with writing on it
9、.People started to dig in the area for treasure, which caused much damage.Thus, in 1860, the area was put under government protection so it could be preserved and studied.civilization/sIvlaIzeIn/n.文明are visiting 和 are flying 都是现在进行时，表示的是将要发生的动作。which is known as .是非限制性定语从句，修饰Loulan。lecture/lekt(r)/n
10、.讲座attend a lecture 听讲座found/fand/vt.兴建，创建BC/bisi/abbr.公元前(before Christ 的缩写)Roman/rmn/n.罗马人adj.罗马的，罗马人的take over 夺取；接管volcano/vlkeIn/n.火山(pl.) volcanoes/volcanos表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装语序。AD/eIdi/abbr.公元(Anno Domini 的缩写)erupt/Irpt/vi.(火山等)爆发lava/lv/n.熔岩， 火山岩ash/n.灰，灰烬ashes 废墟；骨灰pour/p(r)/vi
11、.涌流，倾泻vt.倒出(液体)bury vt.埋，埋葬；安葬alive adj.活的，在句中作主语补足语。so was the city是“so助动词主语”的部分倒装结构。unfortunate/nftnt/adj.不幸的，遗憾的as用作连词，意为“正如”，引导方式状语从句。How amazing! 多令人惊奇啊！amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的when a farmer discovered .是定语从句，修饰 the 18th century, when 相当于 in which。dig v挖，掘n.触，碰；挖苦，讽刺；挖掘which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。preser
12、ve v保存，保护preserve sb./sth.from .保护免受so it could be .是目的状语从句。失落的文明第13段译文第一天，7月15日能获得这次旅行的机会我感到很幸运。现在我们在意大利，明天我们将游览庞贝。下周我们会飞往中国并打算去楼兰，那是沙漠中的一座被誉为“中国庞贝”的古城。庞贝和楼兰都是很久以前失落的文明。第二天，7月16日今天上午我们听了一场有关庞贝的讲座。这座城市建于公元前8世纪。公元前89年，罗马人占领了庞贝。后来庞贝成了一座繁华的城市。离该城不远处有一座火山。公元79年8月24日，这座火山爆发了，岩浆、火山灰以及岩石喷涌而出，全部倾泻到周围的村庄。火山爆
13、发持续了两天。很多人被活埋了，整个城市也被掩埋。真是太不幸了！第三天，7月17日今天我见到了罗马古城庞贝，它就跟两千年前一模一样。多令人惊奇啊！这座城市多年来一直被人们遗忘，直到18世纪时一个农民发现了一块刻有文字的石头。人们开始在这一区域挖掘寻宝，这造成了很大的破坏。因此在1860年，政府将这一区域保护了起来，便于保存和研究。When I walked around the city, I saw streets just as they had been, with stepping stones along the road so you did not have to step in
14、the mud on rainy days! I saw several houses which were decorated with wall paintings.I also saw the people who had been buried alive.It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city, their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared, leaving empty spaces in the
15、ash.Years later, researchers were able to use these empty spaces to produce truetolife figures of the people who had died in the disaster.You can see them today in Pompeii, in the same places where the people fell. The volcano is still there, but looks very quiet now.Its hard to imagine how this peaceful volcano destroyed the whole city！Day 10, 24 JulyFinally, we arrived in Loulan after several days of travelling.This commercial city was busy and wealthy about 2,000 years ago.It was a stopping point on the famous Silk Road between th
