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1、第 1 页 共 10 页 必修二第四单元必修二第四单元 .词汇短语过关词汇短语过关 1respond vi.回答，答复；响应，作出反应 response n. 回答，回复；反应 respond to sb./sth.回答(比 answer, reply to 正式) respond to sb./sth. (with/ by sth.) 用回应某人(事) respond to (疾病、身体的受伤部分)对医药有良好反应 response to sb./sth. (对人/物)的回答/回复/反应 in response to 作为对的反应 即学即练 1 (1)They still havent _
2、my letter. 他们至今仍没有回我的信。 (2)He _ my suggestion _ a laugh/_ laughing. 他对我的 建议报以一笑。 (3)His illness didnt _ treatment by drugs. 他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。 (4)My mother opened the door _ the knock, but there was no one outside. 听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。 responded to , responded to , with , by , respond to , in respo
3、nse to 2certain adj. 确定的；无疑的；某(种) (1)作“某(种)”讲时，同义于 some.但 some 前不加冠词。 for a certain reasonfor some reason 由于某种原因 certain professorssome professors 某些教授 a certain amount of time 相当一段时间 (2)作“确信的，有把握的”讲时，同义于 sure.但是 certain 的主语既可以是人， 也可用于 It is certain that.句型，而 sure 主语只能是人。 “be certain/sure从句”(人)有把握/确
4、信(表示主语的信念) be certain/sure of/about sth. (人)确信(表示主语的信念) be certain/sure to do sth. 必定/肯定会做某事(主语常为二、三人称，表示说话人的 信念) “make certain/sure从句”弄清楚/确保 make certain/sure of/about sth. 把某件事情弄清楚 for certain/sure 确定地，确切地(做状语) 第 2 页 共 10 页 It is certain that. 一定会(不能用 sure) 即学即练 2 (1)There was _ in his manner.他的态度
5、有点冷淡。 (2)Are you _ it？你对此有把握吗？ (3)He is _ his duty.他肯定会尽职。 (4)_ he has wronged me.我确信他冤枉了我。 (5)_ their team will win the match.他们队肯定会赢得比赛。 a certain coldness , certain about/of , certain to do , Im certain that , Its certain that 3contain vt. 包含；容纳(hold)；抑制(control) 即学即练 3 (1)His paper _ no mistakes
6、 at all. 他的试卷没有一点错误。 (2)Orange juice _ things which help keep you healthy. 橘汁里含有有益于健康的东西。 (3)This bottle _ two glasses of beer. 这个瓶子可容纳两杯啤酒。 (4)He couldnt _ for joy.他不胜欢喜。 contained , contains , contains , contain himself 4affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭 be greatly/deeply affected很/深受感动 be affected by heat/c
7、old中暑/着凉 be affected with high fever发高烧 即学即练 4 (1)The amount of rain _ the growth of crops.降雨量直接影响庄稼生长。 (2)One of her lungs _ a little so that she has to rest.她的一叶肺有些感 染，所以她不得不休息。 (3)The audience _ by his speech. 听众被他的演讲深深打动了。 affects , is affected , were deeply affected 5appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；喜欢 app
8、reciation n. 欣赏；感激 appreciate sth. (thank sb.) 感激某事或某人 appreciatedoing sth.感激做某事 one/ones doing sth.感激某人做某事 第 3 页 共 10 页 I would appreciate it if. 如果，我将不胜感激。 即学即练 5 (1)He highly _. 他非常感谢他的帮助。 (2)We shall _ you again. 我们将很高兴再次收到您的来信。 (3)I really _ to the party. 你能来参加这次聚会我太高兴了。 (4)I would _ you could
9、help me. 如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。 appreciated his help appreciate hearing from appreciate your coming appreciate it if 6succeed v成功成功 success n. U成功；成就 C成功的人或事 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 succeed in doing sth. have success in doing sth. be successful in doing sth.成功做某事 achieve great success 取得巨
10、大的成功 sb./sth. is a success 成功的人或事 即学即练 6 (1)We all _ the midterm examination.我们都成功地通过 了期中考试。 (2)Failure is the mother of _.失败是成功之母。 (3)He was _ as a novelist. 他是非常成功的小说家。 succeeded in passing , success , a success 7harm vt. the fire is _. 把气孔打开，火要熄了。 died out , are dying out , die off , dying down (
11、5)Every winter some old people _ hypothermia. 每年冬天都有一些老人死于体温过低。 (6)Nowadays many people _ cancer. 现在有很多人死于癌症。 die from , die of 9in danger (of.)处于危险之中处于危险之中 out of danger 脱离危险 即学即练 9 第 5 页 共 10 页 (1)The drowned girl was obviously _. 很明显，那个溺水的女孩的生命危在旦夕。 (2)The old house is _ collapse. 那所老房子有倒塌的危险。 (3
12、)They were told at the hospital that their grandmother was _. 他们在医院得知他们的祖母已经脱离危险了。 in immediate danger , in danger of , out of danger 拓展：与 in/out of 搭配的短语 in order 有秩序 in sight 看得见 in trouble 在困境中 in line 成行(队) in place 适合/当 in fashion 时尚 out of order 出故障(机器等工作不正常) out of sight 看不见 out of trouble 摆脱
13、困境 out of line 不成一直线 out of place 不合适 out of fashion 过时 10protect.from/against. 保护免受保护免受(的伤害的伤害) defend.from/against.保卫以抵制 keep sb. from doing stop sb. (from) doing prevent sb. (from) doing 阻止某人做 即学即练 10 (1)Young plants should be well _ the cold. 幼苗必须被很好地保护以免受冻。 (2)The hen _ its young _ being attack
14、ed by the cat. 母鸡保 卫小鸡使其免遭猫的袭击。 (3)Everyone should take up arms to _ our country from invasion. 每个人都应当拿起武器保卫我们的国家不受侵犯。 (4)Nothing can _ us _ realizing our dreams. 什么也不能阻止我们实现梦想。 protected from , protected , against , defend , 第 6 页 共 10 页 stop , from 提示：(1)protect against 和 protect from 意思相似，有时可互换。但是，对于较 大的事情，如：敌人的入侵、天灾等，常用 protect against, 对于较小的事情常 用 protect from. (2)在 protect.from/against. 结构中，from 和 against 后面常跟 sth.，有时 against 后跟 being done 来强调动作的被动性。 (3)主动句中 prevent/st
