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1、高中英语 词汇详解（Module 6War and Peace）教学素材 外研版选修6知识感悟一、词汇详解1.drown vt.&vi.淹死,使溺死;淹没;(声音等)压过;解(忧愁等);沉溺于【典型例句】 She fell over board and was drowned.她从船上掉入水中淹死了。The noise of the machines drowned his voice.机器声将他的声音淹没了。It is no use trying to drown your sorrows in drink.想借酒消愁于事无补。He drowned himself in work.他埋头工作
2、。【相关链接】 drown oneself in 埋头于drown out淹没;压过(另一声音)be/get drowned淹死,溺死drown oneself投水(自杀)eyes drowned in tears泪汪汪的眼睛be drowned in fishing对钓鱼入迷了英汉互译(1)小女孩掉进湖里淹死了。_答案:The little girl fell into the lake and drowned. (2)听众的欢呼声淹没了这位教授的声音。_答案:The cheers of the audience drowned the professors voice. (3)She tu
3、rned up the radio to drown out the noise of the traffic._答案:她放大收音机的音量以压过来往车辆的嘈杂声。2.last vi.&vt.持续;持久;保持良好状态;维持;度过;够用【典型例句】 How long will the meeting last?会议要开多久?These shoes will last.这些鞋经久耐穿。Our water will not last long.我们的水快要用完了。He is very ill,and isnt expected to last the night.他病得厉害,估计拖不过今夜。The f
4、ood will last us a few more days.食品够我们再吃几天。【要点归纳】 last作不及物动词用时,常与一段时间状语连用。last 10 days 持续十天也可用作:last sb.+一段时间last out 还够用,支持下去;经得起;拖过【相关链接】 last,continue和go on的区别last 强调时间上的持续;continue和go on继续某一特定行为或保持某一特定情况。前者可作及物或不及物动词;后者为不及物动词。The desert continued as far as the eye could see.沙漠连绵不断，一眼望不到边。If you
5、go on like this,youll make big mistakes some day.如果你继续这样下去，将有一天你要犯大错误。单项填空(1)Will this fish _ until tomorrow?Only if you put it in the fridge.A.keepB.lastC.stayD.remain 提示:keep表示“保存食物;不使食物腐烂”。而last表示某动作“持续”,stay和remain表示“维持,不改变”,这些意思和本句话的语境均不相符。答案:A (2)The weather report says the rain will_ until th
6、e end of next week.A.keepB.lastC.stayD.move提示:句意:天气预报说雨一直下到下周末。此处指“下雨”动作的持续。答案:B3.occupy vt.占领;占(时间,空间);占用;(常与oneself连用或作被动式)使忙碌,使从事;担任(职务)【典型例句】 The enemy soon occupied the town.敌人很快占领了这个城镇。Reading occupies most of my free time.阅读占去了我大部分空闲时间。The bathroom is occupied.浴室有人在用。She is occupied in writin
7、g a novel.她忙于写小说。He occupied himself with various research projects.他终日从事各种研究计划。【要点归纳】 occupy是一个多义词,但它的引申义都基于“占据”这个意思。occupy oneself in/with使自己忙于be occupied in忙于【相关链接】 occupation n.职业;消遣;占有What is his occupation?他的职业是什么?单项填空(1)When I returned from WC,I found my seat already _.A.possessedB.ownedC.occ
8、upiedD.invaded提示:句意:当我从洗手间回来时,发现座位已让人占了。A项和B项指财产的拥有;invade指“入侵”。答案:C (2)All the boys were all _in counting their little gifts on the morning of Christmas Day.A.occupiedB.devotedC.eagerD.attracted提示:be occupied in指忙着做某事。devote构成短语be devoted to专注于;eager构成短语be eager to do sth.渴望做某事。attract构成短语be attrac
9、ted by被所吸引。答案:A4.abandon vt.放弃;抛弃;(与oneself连用)使放纵;使听任【典型例句】 The crew abandoned the burning ship.水手们离弃了燃烧中的船。He abandoned his wife and went away with all their money.他抛弃了妻子还带走了两人所有的钱。She abandoned herself to despair.她陷入绝望之中。【要点归纳】 abandon oneself to沉湎于,陷入【相关链接】 abandon和desert的区别abandon 强调“完全、永远地遗弃”,尤
10、其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物,如:She abandoned her child.她遗弃了她的孩子。desert 强调“违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等”,如:The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy.那个士兵叛国投敌。英汉互译(1)因为下雨比赛停止了。_答案:They abandoned the game because of rain. (2)司机把汽车抛在雪地里。_答案:The driver abandoned his car in the snow. (3)The guard was punished for de
11、serting his post._答案:卫兵因擅离职守而受到处罚。 (4)He has become so rude that his friends are deserting him._答案:他变得十分粗野,朋友们都不和他来往了。5.pick up搭车;救起;拾起;偶然学会(获得);收拾;整理;收到信号;重新开始;恢复健康;加快速度【典型例句】 Well send the ambulance to pick him up.我们要派一辆救护车把他接走。They picked up the survivors in the lifeboat.他们救起了救生艇里的幸存者。The childre
12、n picked up many sea shells at the seashore.孩子们在海边捡到许多贝壳。Where did you pick up your technical skill? 你的技术是在哪儿学的? Its time to pick up tools and go home.现在是收拾工具回家的时候了。The enemy planes are picked up by our radar installations.敌机被我们的雷达发现了。He picked up the story where he had left it the day before.他接着往下讲
13、前天没讲完的故事。A bit of exercise will pick you up.你稍微运动运动会恢复健康的。About a mile out of the station the train began to pick up speed.出站大约一英里,火车开始加速。【相关链接】 pick at一点一点地吃pick on选择;(作挨骂或受罚对象)挑中(某人)Why pick on me?为什么偏偏挑中我?pick out挑选,选出；分辨出单项填空(1)Youre coughing badly,Martin.Why not give up smoking?Give up smoking? Easier said than done,Amy.Once you _the habit of smoki
