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1、Mainly Revision,Object Clauses,宾语从句,张丽华,一教学任务 复习宾语从句 二教学重点 1.宾语从句的概念 2.宾语从句的引导词 3.宾语从句中的语序 4.宾语从句的时态变化,教学难点 1. if与whether的区别 2. when与if 引导的宾语从句和状语从句 3.宾语从句与简单句的互换,.,问题一: 什么是宾语?,宾语表示及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系 的对象,常由名词或相当与名词的词担任,置 于及物动词或介词（动词词组）后。,I like my teacher. （名词作宾语） I know him. （代词作宾语） How is he getting
2、along with his English? I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语） I am interested in playing piano. He bought me a pen.(双宾语） We keep it a secret. I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）.,.,宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。 I like my teacher. I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语） I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语） I know him .
3、（代词作宾语） I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾语） She asked if the answer was right. (句子作宾语）,.,We know him,We know he likes English.,主s,主s,谓v,谓v,宾o,宾o,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,简单句,复合句,试比较,问题二: 什么是宾语从句?,.,He always pays attention to whatever the teacher says.,He talked of how he helped the old man.,I am sure
4、(that) you looked nice that evening. He is afraid (that) he cant go tonight.,I think (that) your clothes fit well.,He couldnt tell me where his home was.,Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员)? Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. Please tell me where she has gone. I
5、dont know if he will come tonight. Lets find out whats on tonight .,Find out the Object Clauses,We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world .,.,二、宾语从句三要素,连 接 词,时态呼应,陈述语序,that if/whether 特殊疑问词,连接词+主语+谓语+其他,.,（that ）+ 陈述句 He thinks, “ Lucy likes school.” He thinks (that）Lucy
6、 likes school. 2. if/whether + 一般疑问句 He asked,“Was Lucy late again?” He asked if Lucy was late again. 3.特殊疑问词 + 特殊疑问句 He asks me, “When will Lucy come ?” He asks me when Lucy will come.,.,that,当陈述句充当宾语时，由 _ 连接,练一练,1. This is a book.- I know 2. You like singing.-She says 3. He worked last night.- I k
7、now 4. They will go home.-Tell Lucy,主句,.,(2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know?,Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early?,(1) Is Jim a good student? I dont know,I dont know if /whether Jim is a good student.,当一般疑问句充当宾语，由_ 连接,if/whether,.,练一练,1. Is he reading ? 1）Was she late yesterday? 2. Does T
8、om work hard? 2) Did you watch TV ? 3. Will they read books ? 3) Can you sing ?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks ,if/whether,.,注意：只能用whether不用if 的三种情况 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种 情况只能用whether： 1. 与or not连用： He asked me whether or not I was coming. 2. 在介词之后： It depe
9、nds on whether it is going to rain. 3. 在不定式之前： We havent decided whether to go there. 4.作主语只能用whether Whether he will come is not decided.,.,3.当特殊疑问句充当宾语时，由 _ 连接,Eg:,1.What is she doing? Can you tell me?,Can you tell me what she is doing?,2.Where does she live? Do you know?,Do you know where she liv
10、es?,特殊疑问词,.,练一练,What is this ? What are you doing ? Where do you live ? When does he get up ? How did you go to work? Who will you play with?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3. Can you tell me ,Helen says that she will learn French next year. Do you know where he comes from? He aske
11、d me if I could get to the bus station on time.,三. 宾语从句的语序-陈述语序,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。,.,练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序： 1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Is it on Fifth Avenue? 3.Are they doing homework?,There is a bank near here,It is on Fifth Avenue,They are doing homework,.,4.Does she work
12、 in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park? 6.Do we have to wear a uniform?,she works in a hospital,you went to Center Park,we have to wear a uniform,we can wear hats in school,7.Can we wear hats in school?,.,8.Wheres your pen pal from? 9. Where does he live? 10.What language does she speak? 11.Why
13、 do you like pandas?,Where your pen pal is from,Where he lives,What language she speaks,Why you like pandas,将下列问句变成陈述句 1. Who tells you the news ? Can you tell me 2. Which is the way to the bank ? I want to know 3. Whats wrong with you ? I wonder 4. What happened to you ? He asked me 5. Which is the
14、 way to the station? Please tell me . ? 想一想 为什么这些句子的语序不变？,四.宾语从句的时态变化,填一填,was,is,will cook,is singing,has been,was playing,had learned,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。 （需要性原则）,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）,1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is r
15、eading a book . 4) He has finished his work.,1) He to Hong Kong .,2) He sick. 3) He a book . 4) He his work.,辨一辨,would go,was,was reading,had finished,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从 句 时 态,连 接 前,连 接 后,一般现在时,时态由从句决定,一般过去时,一般现在时work,一般过去时worked,一般过去时 worked,过去完成时had worked,一般将来时will work,过去将来时would work,现在进行时i
16、s working,过去进行时was working,现在完成时have worked,过去完成时had worked,3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）,He told me (that),Summer is after Spring .,I was told (that),the sun is much bigger than the moon.,My parents told me (that),no news is good news.,比一比,比一比 I dont know where I should go. Tell me how I
