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1、1,冠词,一、冠词的分类:,不定冠词:,定冠词:,a, an,the,2,【考纲解读】 冠词是一种虚词,无词义,也没有数和格的变化,不能独立使用,常常放在名词前,帮助说明这个名词的意义。冠词虽然只有三个,属于 “小品词”,却因其在英语语言中使用极频繁、用法极灵活,命题者常拿其大作文章。冠词是历年来的考查重点,着重考查以下几个方面: 1. 不定冠词a/an表示个别或泛指的用法 2. 定冠词the特指某一个人或事物的用法 3. 不定冠词和定冠词在固定搭配中的用法 4. 零冠词(即省略冠词)表示泛指及其习惯搭配用法 5. 冠词在表示类别名词前的用法 6. 不定冠词在具体化抽象名词前的用法 7. 冠词
2、在比较级前的用法 8. 冠词在其他特殊结构中的用法,3,a和an的区别,a用于辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的词前,an用于元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的词前,要注意的用法有:,1、在字母: a, o, i, e, f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x前要用an,eg:There is “l” in the word “world”.,2、在部分数词前要用an. 主要有:8,18,80,800,11,等。,eg: 80- year- old man crossed the wall successfully.,e.g. _book _ egg _ useful book _ underg
3、round room,a,an,a,an,an,An,4,3、部分单词虽以元音字母开头,但发音不是元音开头,只能用a 。部分单词虽以辅音字母开头,但发音是以元音开头,只能用an 。,eg: European country university useful way one-year baby,hour honest boy,a,a,a,a,an,an,5,1.It is generally accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like man. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; 不填 2.As
4、he reached front door, Jack saw strange sight. the;不填 B. a; the C.不填; a D. the; a 3.In communication,a smile is usually _ strong sign of a friendly and _ open attitude. the, / B. a, an C. a, / D. the, an 4.Jumping out of _ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _ exciting experience. A. / ;the B. /
5、;an C. an; anD. the; the,规律总结:a(an)+可数名词单数表泛指,或者第一次提到的人、物前加a,6,1.How about Christmas evening party? I should say it was success. A. a; a B. The; a C. a;不填D. the; 不填 )What do you think of the manager of your company? Oh,he is _ manager whos pleasant to work with. Its _ pleasure to work with him. Athe
6、; a Ba; a Ca; the D/; a 3.One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain_ good knowledge of basic word formation. A. /B.the C.aD.one 4._walk is expected to last all day,so bring _ packed lunch. AA; a BThe; / CThe; a DA; /,规律总结:在某些抽象名词前加不定冠词可使抽象名词具体化表示情感、情绪的词前加a,强调具体的人或事,常用词有surprise、pleasur
7、e、honor、pity、pride、comfort、success、danger、failure等。表示“一份”“一杯”“一种”“一阵”等含义,常与动词构成短语,名词前常有形容词修饰,7,1.If we sit near _ front of the bus,well have _ better view. A. 不填; the B. 不填;a C. the; a D. the;the 2.We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; t
8、he 3.In order to find _ better job, he decided to study _ second foreign language. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the 4.When you finish reading the book, you will have _better understanding of _life. A. a; the B. the; a C. 不填;the D. a;不填,规律总结:比较级前加不定冠词,表示更 世界上独一无二的名词甚至一些抽象名词之前如果有形容词修饰,可加不定冠词。如:a r
9、ed sun 一轮红日,8,1.First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression. a; the B. the; the C. a; a D. the; a 2.The cakes are delicious. Hed like to have third one because second one is rather too small. A.a;a B.the;the C.a ; the D. the;a 3.Some of
10、 the exercises appear to be _ ones that you have done,but after taking _ second look,you will find that they are different. A/; the Bthe; the Cthe; a D/; a,规律总结:序数词前加不定冠词,表示再一,又一,相当于another,不表顺序,9,1.Oh,John._ you gave us!A. How a pleasant surprise B. How pleasant a surpriseC. What pleasant a surpris
11、eD. What pleasant surprise2.What about _ book?Its too difficult _ book.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. the; a,规律总结:不定冠词常用在quite/rather/half/many/such/what + a/an+形容词+单数可数名词;so(as,too,how)形容词+a/an+单数可数名词结构中,10,1.Its said John will be in a job paying over 60,000 _ year. Right, he will also get paid by _
12、 week. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a; a 2.They met each other once _month. Athe B/ Ca Dan 3.The envelopes are one yuan _dozen. Aa Ban Cthe D/,规律总结:用于表示价格、速度、比率、重量、长度、时间等名词之前,有“每一”之义,相当于each,every,11,1.- Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? - Sorry, wrong number. There isnt_ Mr. Smith here. 不填 B. a
13、 C. the D. one 2.I knew _ John Lennon, but not _ famous one. A. 不填;a B. a;theC. 不填;theD. the;a 3.Looking back,we have reasons to believe that _ more prosperous and stronger China will surely make new contributions to _ civilization of mankind. Aa; a Ba; the Cthe; the Dthe; a 4.Rosa didnt remember th
14、e exact date of the storm,but she knew it was _ Sunday because everybody was at _ church. A/; the Ba; / C/; a Dthe; /,规律总结:用于人名、地名等专有名词前,意为“某个叫的人”,“一个像的人”,“一个的地方”等。相当于some。,12,What do you think of _ question? Well,_ most difficult one indeed. A/; the B/; a Cthe; a Dthe; the,规律总结:most前也可加不定冠词,这时,most
15、表示“非常”。,13,习惯用法:have a rest, have a break, take a walk, have a look, in a moment, in a minute, once upon a time, twice a month, four times an hour ,a little , a few , a lot , a type of , a pile , a great many ,many a ,as a rule ,in a hurry , in a word ,in a short while ,after a while , have a cold , have a try,at a loss,all of a sudden, tell a lie,do sb. a favour,14,定冠词的用法,15,1.The biggest whale is _ blue whale,which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of _ 9story building. Athe; the Ba; a