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1、专题11阅读理解技能训练-破解实施细节题 【理论回顾】细节题解题技巧细节题，顾名思义，就是指针对文章的某个细节而设置的试题。细节题的命题方法很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后进行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节（通常是四个）放在一起要求考生判断是非（选出正确的一项或选出错误的一项）或对几个细节进行排序等。解答这类试题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案（此时要特别注意一些常见的同义转换）。现在围绕上述的定位理论，引申出几个小的技巧：1. 关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题，如涉及到数字（日期、时间、价格等），就可以在
2、文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息，还有人物姓名、地点名词等等，其他的还包括一些提示情节发展，或条纲性关键字眼，如First， Next， Finally等等。As a young girl growing up in the 1930s， I always wanted to fly a plane， but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2011，when my husband arranged for me to ride
3、 in a hot air balloon for my birthday. What happened to the author in 2011？A. She flew an airplaneB. She entered a competitionC. She went on a hot air balloon rideD. She moved into a retirement community解析：此题属典型细节题，通过题干中的时间in 2011不难定位到文中粗体字部分，很容易可以锁定正解为C。2.同义定位法。英文中可以用Paraphrase表示。同义定位就是指问题所用的关键词和文中
4、的不一致，但属于同义性质，同义转换其实是在关键间的基础上拐了个弯。He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what hes doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out， exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be
5、more valuable for your paper. What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks？A. Finding the news value of his stories.B. Giving him financial support.C. Helping him to find issues.D. Improving his good ideas.解析：此题属细节题，定位方式为同义定位法。题干中的talks和文章中conversations对应，而want most和longs for对应，这
6、样不难得出答案为D。小结：在阅读中，精准快速的定位加上正确的理解力才能保证做题的量与质。定位法是需要在做题的过程中有意识的培养的，做题的技巧也是可以总结的，关键是要自觉培养这种分析归纳和总结的意识以及能力。【想一想】英语阅读理解细节理解题的技巧是什么？【练一练】1Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A
7、recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes inte
8、rviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.However, it wasnt all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their
9、 body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission (屈服、投降).In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each others language. It
10、 is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk dog, and dogs can learn how to talk cat.Whats interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each others body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously sus
11、pected. Once familiar with each others presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.The significance of the research on cats and d
12、ogs may go beyond pets-to people who dont get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.53.【小题1】 What is the passage mainly about? A. How cats and dogs develop their intelligence. B. Whether c
13、ats and dogs can live in harmony. C. What cats and dogs have in common. D. Why cats and dogs can understand each other. 54.【小题2】 Some cats and dogs may fight when _. A. they are cold to each otherB. they look away from each other C. they are introduced at an early age D. they misunderstood each othe
14、rs signals55.【小题3】 It is suggested in Para.4 that cats and dogs _. A. have common interestsB. have a common body language C. are less different than we thoughtD. are less intelligent than we expected56.【小题4】 What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs? A. We should learn to live in harmony. B.
15、 We should know more about animals. C. We should live in peace with animals. D. We should learn more body languages.2But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals. Their brain is nearly the same size as our own, and they live a long time - at least twenty or thirty years. Like some animals, dolphins use sound to help them find their way around. They also make these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food. We now know they do not use their ears to receive these sounds, but the lower part of the mouth, called the jaw. Strangely, dolphins seem to lik
