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1、1,Translation at discourse level,篇章翻译,2,On top of the hill stands the Yellow Dragon Monastery, a Ming Dynasty(1368-1644) structure for a Taoist retreat. In front of the monastery is a karst cave of infinite depth, and behind it stands a stone tablet, all but the top having been eroded by calcium car
2、bonate and the inscriptions on the tablet hardly distinguishable.,3,山谷顶端，残留着一座道教建筑，名叫“黄龙古寺”。寺前有一溶洞，深邃莫测。寺后有一石碑，除碑檐外，几乎被碳酸钙沉积淹没，碑文已不可辨认。 On the hill top stands the Yellow Dragon Monastery, a Taoist retreat built in the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644). A karst cave lies before it, and a stone tablet was erect
3、ed behind. All but the top of the tablet has been eroded by calcium carbonate, and the inscriptions have become unreadable. On top of the hill stands the Yellow Dragon Monastery, a Ming Dynasty(1368-1644) structure for a Taoist retreat. In front of the monastery is a karst cave of infinite depth, an
4、d behind it stands a stone tablet, all but the top having been eroded by calcium carbonate and the inscriptions on the tablet hardly distinguishable.,5,On top of the hill stands the Yellow Dragon Monastery, a Ming Dynasty(1368-1644) structure for a Taoist retreat. In front of the monastery is a kars
5、t cave of infinite depth, and behind it stands a stone tablet, all but the top having been eroded by calcium carbonate and the inscriptions on the tablet hardly distinguishable.,6,篇章的翻译,篇章翻译不同于单句翻译 通读并理解全文，并对文章的内容和风格有一个完整的和全面的认识，保证译文行文连贯 句型多样化 避免重复主语 段落的连贯性 翻译中的节奏,7,句型多样化,英语注重句型变化 长短句结合 简单句和复杂句结合 主动
6、、被动句式间杂 陈述、强调、倒装交替,8,工人们开了一个活跃的讨论会，他们讨论得很热烈。几乎没有听到不同的意见，最后大家都同意了这个计划。 There was a lively debate among the workers. There was enthusiasm for the idea. There was hardly a dissenting voice. There was full agreement on the subject in the end. After a lively debate on the subject, all the workers came to
7、 agreement without even a dissenting voice at last.,9,There was a lively debate among the workers. There was enthusiasm for the idea. There was hardly a dissenting voice. There was full agreement on the subject in the end. After a lively debate on the subject, all the workers came to agreement witho
8、ut even a dissenting voice at last.,10,避免重复主语,如果一段文字中连续使用某一主语 翻译时应尽量减少它的使用频率而变换另外的说法,11,下午，我到图书馆，借出一本书。然后，回家吃饭。吃饭后，我把书打开，我十分烦恼，原来这本书不是我要借的书。我就是这号人：拿出一本书不看就走。我不能怪别人，只能怪自己。 I went to the library in the afternoon. I took out a book. Then I put the book under my arm. I went home to eat supper. I opened
9、the book after supper. Then I discovered that it was not the book I wanted. I was greatly annoyed. I was such a kind of man: I always take a book while I do not look at it. I had nobody to blame but myself. In the afternoon, after borrowing a book from the library, I went back home for supper. What
10、depressed me was that I didnt find that it was the wrong book until after supper. That is what I am like: I take a book and run away without even a glance on it. There is nobody else to blame but myself.,12,下午，我到图书馆，借出一本书。然后，回家吃饭。吃饭后，我把书打开，我十分烦恼，原来这本书不是我要借的书。我就是这号人：拿出一本书不看就走。我不能怪别人，只能怪自己。,13,In the
11、afternoon, after borrowing a book from the library, I went back home for supper. What depressed me was that I didnt find that it was the wrong book until after supper. That is what I am like: I take a book and run away without even a glance on it. There is nobody else to blame but myself.,14,如果静思太久，
12、觉得孤独了，不妨翻开你可爱的书，书会使你轻松让你充实。在静静的空间里读一本好书，如同冬日里围坐一盆炭火与挚友谈心。平日，因工作太忙，或交际太繁，你难得与古今中外的智者交谈。而今，你却可以凝神倾听他们的教诲了。在静心的阅读中，你的学识逐渐得到增长。你也可以依随自己的爱好，去干任何一件感兴趣的事。静静地听一段音乐，专注地画几笔画，认真摆一盘残局，甚至翻翻往日影集，想念一番遥远的朋友。这些，无一不是人生的快乐。,15,When loneliness comes over you as a result of too much thinking, a favorite book will ease y
13、our mind and broaden your horizon. Reading a good book is like having a fireside chat with a close friend. At other times you may be so occupied with work or social intercourse as to have no time for books. Now you can peacefully listen to wise men of all times, enriching yourself with their ideas a
14、nd enlarging your stock of knowledge. Or you can do other things to suit your taste: enjoy a piece of music, attentively draw a picture or arrange for a near-end game of Chinese chess. If you are in the mood, you may as well open an album and let the photos bring back memories of those far away. Isn
15、t any one of these a real pleasure in life?,16,段落的连贯性,汉语：“意合” ，省略连接词，不同意思通过不同的短句表达出来 英语：“形合”，借助词形变化表示各种语法关系，逻辑性强，外形完整,虚词（如连接词、介词） 把汉语句子内含的逻辑关系用英语的连接词表达出来 从句以及独立主格 把汉语的流水句译成相互照应的简单句、复合句或复杂句 非谓语动词（表目的、原因、伴随的动词译为不定式、分词、名词、介词等） 把汉语的众多动词分清顺序或分清主次，编排成英语的习惯表达,17,9月10日是教师节。教师在人们的心目中究竟是什么样子呢？清华附中的小记者走出校门，采访了
16、76位路人。采访发现，83%的人认为老师肩负着培养下一代的重任，是提高全民族文化素质的决定因素，值得尊敬。,18,Sept.10 is Teachers Day. What is the image of teachers in peoples heart? Little reporters from the middle school attached to Qinghua University walked out of their school gate and interviewed 76 passersby. The interview shows that 83% people think that teachers shoulder the important task of educating the next generation, they are the decisive factor of improving the whole peoples cultural level, and they are worth of being respect
