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1、目录 2012年西北大学外国语学院357英语翻 译基础考研真题及详解 2013年西北大学外国语学院357英语翻 译基础考研真题及详解 2014年西北大学外国语学院357英语翻 译基础考研真题及详解 2015年西北大学外国语学院357英语翻 译基础考研真题及详解 2016年西北大学外国语学院357英语翻 译基础考研真题及详解 2012年西北大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解 Section One（30 points） Directions: Translate the following abbreviations, special nouns or terminology fro
2、m English to Chinese or from Chinese to English respectively. (30 points, 1 point for each) 1CPPCC 【答案】中国人民政治协商会议 2UNESCO 【答案】联合国教科文组织 3NASA 【答案】美国国家航空航天局 4GATT 【答案】关贸总协定 5NGO 【答案】非政府组织 6ISO 【答案】国际标准化组织 7free trade zone 【答案】自由贸易区 8hard currency 【答案】硬通货 9gold standard 【答案】金本位制 10compensation trade 【答
3、案】补偿贸易 11favorable balance of trade 【答案】贸易顺差 12G-8 【答案】八国集团 13Secretary of State 【答案】国务卿 14Associate Press 【答案】美联社 15The Telegraph 【答案】每日电讯报(英国) 16辛亥革命 【答案】the Revolution of 1911 17廉租房 【答案】low-rent housing 18综合国力 【答案】comprehensive national strength 19经济转型 【答案】economic transformation 20妄自菲薄 【答案】belit
4、tle oneself 21公诚勤朴 【答案】Fairness, Integrity, Diligence and Simplicity 22小康社会 【答案】a moderately prosperous society 23农业税 【答案】agricultural tax 24非公有制经济 【答案】non-public sectors of the economy 25政治体制改革 【答案】reform of the political structure 26民生问题 【答案】peoples well-being 27实事求是 【答案】seek truth from facts 28文化
5、多样化 【答案】cultural diversity 29和为贵 【答案】Harmony is the most precious. 30天人合一 【答案】harmony between man and nature Section Two Passage translation (120 points) 1Translate the following passage into Chinese (60 points) Hemingway once wrote that courage is grace under pressure. But I would rather think with
6、 the 18th-century Italian dramatist, Vittorio Alfieri, that “often the test of courage is not to die but to live. For living with cancer engenders more than pressure; it begets terror. To live with it, to face up to it thats courage. After I became ill, I embraced upon many things I had been putting
7、 off before. I read the books I had set aside for retirement and wrote one myself, entitled the Art of Surgery. My wife Madeleine and I took more holidays. We played tennis regularly and curled avidly; we took the boys fishing. When I review these past few years, it seems in many ways that I have li
8、ved a lifetime since I acquired cancer. On my last holiday in the Bahamas, as I walked along the beach feeling the gentle waves wash over my feet, I felt part of the universe, even if only a minuscule one, like a grain of sand on the beach. If one realizes that our time on this earth is but a tiny f
9、raction of that within the cosmos, then life calculated in years may not be as important as we think. Why measure life in heartbeats? When life is so dependent on such an unreliable function as the beating of the heart, then it is fragile indeed. The only thing that one can depend upon with absolute
10、 certainty is death. I believe that death may be the most important part of life. I believe that life is infinitesimally brief in relation to the immensity of eternity. I believe, because of my religious faith, that I shall “return to the Father” in an afterlife that is beyond description. I believe
11、 that though my life was short in years, it was full in experience, joy, love and accomplishment; that my own immortality will reside in the memories of my loved ones left behind, mother, brother, wife, children, dear friends. I believe that I will die with loved ones close by and, one hopes, achiev
12、e that great gift of Goddeath in peace, and with dignity. 【参考译文】 海明威曾经写过，勇气就是临危不惧。不过，我更赞同18世纪意大利戏 剧家维多利奥阿尔菲利的观点：“对勇气的考验往往不是去死，而是要 活。”身患癌症，不仅带来痛苦，而且引起恐惧。抱病生活，并敢于正 视这一现实，这就是勇气。 患病后，我着手做以前搁置下来的许多事情。我阅读了本来留到退休后 才读的书，而且还写了一本题为外科术的书。我与夫人马德琳度假 更加频繁。我们经常去打网球，劲头十足地在冰上溜石，还带儿子们去 钓鱼。回顾过去几年，从许多方面来看，自从得了癌症以后，我似乎已
13、 经活了一辈子。上次到巴哈马度假期间，我沿着海滩漫步，海浪轻轻抚 揉着我的双脚，此时此刻我蓦然觉得自己与整个宇宙融为一体，尽管我 微不足道，就像海滩上的一粒沙子。 倘若人们意识到人生在世只不过是宇宙的时间长河中转瞬即逝的一刹 那，那么以岁月计算的生命就不会像我们所想的那样重要了。何必以心 跳来定生死呢？当生命依赖于心跳这样一种不可靠的功能时，它的确脆 弱不堪。而只有死亡才是人们唯一可以绝对依赖的。 我认为死亡可能是人生中最重要的一环。我认为与那漫长的永生相比， 生命是极其短暂的。基于我的宗教信仰，我相信在我身后那难以描绘的 时光里，我将回归圣父。我相信，我的生命以年月计算，虽然是短暂 的，但经
14、历丰富，充满了欢乐、爱情和成就；我将永远活在我所爱的 人，即我的母亲、兄弟、儿女和密友的记忆中。我相信，在弥留之际， 我的亲朋好友将陪伴在我身旁：我希望得到上帝的恩赐带着尊严， 安详地告别人间。 2Translate the following passage into English (60 points) 和平与发展是当今时代的两大主题，和平、发展、合作是不可阻挡的世 界潮流。当前，世界多极化、经济全球化深入发展，国际体系变革的要 求突出，国际社会正面临越来越多新的历史课题。共同用好发展机遇， 共同应对各种风险，成为各国人民的愿望。经济全球化成为影响国际关 系的重要趋势。不同制度、不同类型
15、、不同发展阶段的国家相互依存、 利益交融，形成“你中有我、我中有你”的命运共同体。人类再也承受不 起世界大战，大国全面冲突对抗只会造成两败俱伤。要以命运共同体的 新视角，以同舟共济、合作共赢的新理念，寻求多元文明交流互鉴的新 局面，寻求人类共同利益和共同价值的新内涵，寻求各国合作应对多样 化挑战和实现包容性发展的新道路。 【参考译文】 Peace and development are the two major issues of todays world. Peace, development and cooperation are part of the irresistible glo
16、bal trend. The world today is moving towards multipolarity and economic globalization is gaining momentum. There is a growing call for change in the international system and the world is facing more historical challenges. To share opportunities presented by development and jointly ward off risks is the common desire of the people of the world. Economic globalization has become an important trend in the evolution of international relations. Countries of different systems and different types
