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1、(2018 江苏扬州 )五、任务型阅读（共10 空；每空1 分，计 10 阅读下面短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正 确形式。（每空一词） Beyond its influence on health, not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes. Here are what sleepresearchershave found about how to sleep. How much sleep do we actually need? It is
2、known that all of us naturally needno lessthan eight hours of sleepper night. When we sleep below six hours per 24, we reat an increasedrisk of health problems. Some of us think we canmake up any of those hours lost during the week on the weekends. Sadly, there is no storagesystem for sleep in the b
3、rain. Can we train ourselves to needless sleep? As astudy in 1964, a17-year-old boy named Randy Garden stayedawake for 264 hours. How many people could do anything close to that without dying? When you are reading this, you might sayyou usually get six hours of sleep andfeel just fine. Sleep experts
4、 often compare people without enough sleep to drunk drivers: They don tget behind the wheel thinking they re probably going to kill someone. Can we drink coffee instead of sleeping? Coffee can keep us awake. Remember, too much coffee may throw off our sleepand energy cycles. Solimit coffee andavoid
5、caffeine for hour to six hours before bedtime. Does asenseof purpose connect to sleep quality? A new researchsuggestsakind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep.People who have a greater senseof purpose usually have better physical and mental health, which in turn explains their hig
6、her-quality sleep.Perhapsdeveloping asenseof purposein life could be as useful at improving sleep asthe healthy habits above. How to sleep IntroductionNot getting enough sleepcan influence our health and _56_ many mistakes. Findingsfrom _57_ researchers Howmuchsleep doweactually need? Eight hours of
7、 sleep a nigh is _58_ for all of us. Sleeping less than six hours a day can _59_ the risk of health problems. It is _60_ to make up the lost sleeping hours during the workweek. Canwetrain ourselves to need lesssleep? Peoplewithoutenough sleep wouldinsistthatthey were _61_, but werentdoing well at al
8、l. Canwedrink coffeeinsteadof sleeping? Using coffee instead of sleeping might lead to sleep _62_. Drink proper amount of coffee at proper _63_. Does a sense of purpose connect to sleepquality? A senseof purpose in life is closely _64_ with sleep quality. People with a greater senseof purpose may sl
9、eep_65_. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。睡眠不足不仅影响健康，也会导致交通意外事故和其他失误。专家们从 我们实际需要多少睡眠、我们能否训练少睡、饮咖啡能否代替睡眠和目标感与睡眠质量等方面说明我们应 该怎样拥有好的睡眠。 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要从我们到底需要多少睡眠；我们可不可以不睡觉而喝咖啡；目标感 与睡眠质量有无关系三个方面阐述睡眠不足除了影响健康之外，还会导致车祸或其他的错误。 56. cause【解析】 细节理解题。 根据文中 “ not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes(
10、睡 眠不足还会导致车祸或其他错误) ” ，可知此题考查lead to 意为 “ 导致 ” ，相当于 cause. 故答案为cause. 57. sleep 【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“ Here are what sleep researchershave found about how to sleep(下面 是睡眠研究人员发现的睡眠方式) ” 可知答案为sleep.。 58. necessary 【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“ It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per n
11、ight(众所周知，我们每个人每天晚上当然需要不少于8 小时的睡眠 ) ”可知此题该句的同义句：Its necessaryfor all of us to sleep eight hours a night./ Eight hours of sleepa night is necessaryfor all of us.形容词 necessary意为 “ 必要的 ” 。故答案为necessary. 59. increase 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据文中 “ When we sleep below six hours per 24, we reat anincreased risk of he
12、alth problems(当我们每24 小时睡不到6 小时，我们的健康问题风险就会增加) ”可知此题考查词形转换。 increased形容词，意为 “ 增强的 ” ， 其动词形式为increase. 根据 “ Sleeping lessthan six hours a day can_59_ the risk of health problems”中的 can可知，情态动词后接动词原形。故答案为increase. 60. impossible【解析】推理判断题。根据文中“ Some of us think we can make up any of those hours lost duri
13、ng the week on the weekends. Sadly, there is no storagesystem for sleep in the brain(我们中的一些人认为我们可以 弥补周末一周中所损失的任何时间。不幸的是， 大脑中没有睡眠储存系统) ” 可推知“Itis _60_ to make up the lost sleeping hours during the workweek.”意为 “ 在一周的工作时间里，要弥补失去的睡眠时间是不可能的” 。 故答案为 impossible. 61. fine 【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“ When you are readi
14、ng this, you might say you usually get six hours of sleep and feel just fine.(当你读这篇文章的时候，你可能会说你通常只有6 个小时的睡眠，感觉很好)可 知答案为 fine. 62. problems 【解析】推理判断题。根据文中“ too much coffee may throw off our sleep andenergy cycles(喝太 多咖啡会影响我们的睡眠和能量循环) ” 可推知 “Usingcoffee insteadof sleeping might lead to sleep _” 句 意为 “
15、 不睡觉而喝咖啡可能导致睡眠问题或睡眠混乱” 。故答案为problems. 63. time 【解析】 推理判断题。根据文中 “ Coffee cankeep us awake. Remember, too much coffee may throw off our sleep andenergy cycles. So limit coffee and avoid caffeine for hour to six hours before bedtime(咖啡能让我们 保持清醒。记住，喝太多咖啡会影响我们的睡眠和能量循环。因此，在睡前的几个小时到六个小时内，不 要喝咖啡和咖啡因) ” 可推知
16、“Drinkproper amount of coffee at proper _63_.” 句意为 “ 在适当的时间喝适量 的咖啡 ” 。故答案为time. 64. connected【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“ Does a senseof purposeconnect to sleepquality( 目标感与睡眠 质量有关吗 )？ ” 可推知 “A senseof purpose in life is closely _64_ with sleepquality”句意为 “ 生活中的目标感 与睡眠质量密切相关” 。 故此题考查短语connect to/ with 意为 “ 与 有关 ” ，其同义短语为“be connected with ” 。故答案为connected. 65. better【解析】细节理解题。 根据文中 “ People who have agreater senseof purpose usually have better physical
