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1、高考英语阅读理解真题（201819全国卷3B篇）详解2018Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgradual
2、lyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness(荒野).Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.Dawsondidnothaveanyofthenatu
3、ralconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsaresailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarning.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,ther
4、ewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwith
5、disappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgotoseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity-itspresentpopulationis762.24.Whatattractedtheearlysettle
6、rstoNewYorkCity?A.Itsbusinessculture.B.Itssmallpopulation.C.Itsgeographicalposition.D.Itsfavourableclimate25.WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A.Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrick.C.AlmosteveryonegaveupD.Halfofthemdied.26.WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDa
7、wson?A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.D.Theywereshotoffood.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.TheriseandfallofacityB.ThegoldrushinCanada.C.Journeysintothewilderness.D.TourisminDawson.答案24答案C,推理判断题。题干句意：是什么吸引那些早期定居者来到纽约市的呢？根据第一段第三句话(例如纽约市,它在
8、哈得孙河入海口的一个大港口附近。)并结合第四句可知，这个优越的地理位置使得纽约市的人口在300年的时间里从800增长到800万。所以答案为C项:它的地理位置。A项:它的贸易文化。B项:它的稀少的人口。D项:它的宜人气候。这三项原文均未提及。25.答案B ，细节理解题。题干句意:对那些第一批到达道森市淘金的人我们了解到了什么？根据第二段倒数第二句话(在第一批淘金的20,000人中，有4,000人富了起来。)可知有五分之一的人富了起来,故B项正确。26.答案B ，推理判断题。题干句意:很多人离开道森的主要原因是什么？根据第三段第四句话第一个逗号后的部分（当他们听说阿拉斯加州发现了新的金矿后，他们像
9、当初匆忙来道森市一样，又匆忙离开这里）可推断出这些人匆匆忙忙离开这里去阿拉斯加州淘金去了，又去碰运气看能不能变富。B项“他们想去别的地方碰运气。”与原文意思相符。A项：他们觉得城市太拥挤了。C项：他们无法忍受这里的冬天。D项：他们缺少食物。这三项与原文不符。27.答案A ，主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句话提出观点：一个城市之所以矗立在那里是有充足的原因的。后文以两个城市为例来论证这个观点。纽约市的兴起是因为它优越的地理位置。道森市的兴起是因为这里发现了金矿，而这座城市的衰落是因为这里没有了金矿。由此可知本文主要描述了一个城市的兴起和衰落及其背后的原因。这与A项相符。B项:加拿大的淘金热。C项:踏
10、进荒野的旅程。D项:道森的旅游业。这三项都不是主题。2019ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative. ItsnosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource(来源)ofinspirationfordesigners,saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion(时尚)shows. Ea
11、rlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics(美学)onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattenda
12、nce,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences. Chinaisimpossibletooverlook,saysHill.Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashiontheyarecentraltoitsmovement.Ofcourse,onlyaretodaystopWesterndesignersb
13、einginfluencedbyChinasomeofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese.VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGalliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs-andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,adds Hill. ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion.Themostfamousdes
14、ignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,shesays.Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChinaitsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways.4.Whatcanwelearnabout
