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1、高二英语人教版选修8期末知识点总结Unit 4 Pygmalion必背句型1：1. A man is hiding from the rain listening to peoples language and watching their reactions. (listening to和watching并列的现在分词作伴随状语。现在分词在句中作状语时，往往表示一个与谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生的主动行为)类似句型：While watching, he makes notes.他一边观察一边记录。仿写：He ran out of the house in a hurry, leaving th
2、e door unlocked. 他匆忙间跑出房子，没锁门。2. Now once taught by me, shed become an upper class lady . (once taught 为省略句，when / while/ until/as/as if/if/once/even if/although/though等从属连词引导状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致或从句的主语为无意义的it，并且从句谓语动词含有be动词，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。)类似句型：But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that g
3、irl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. 一旦有人教她说话得体，三个月后，她就可以冒充公爵夫人出席大使举办的花园聚会了。仿写：Unless invited, I wont go to her birthday party.除非邀请我，否则我不会去她的生日晚会。3. But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths. (every time引导时间状语从句，类似的名词性引导词有each/(th
4、e) next time/the first time/the last time/the moment/ the instant/ the second/the minute)仿写：Every time you say to yourself you will play with the cellphone just for 10 minutes, you will be certain to find you want to repeat it one more time. 每次你对自己说你只玩十分钟的手机时，你一定会发现你会还想再玩一次。仿写：The last time you visi
5、ted our school, you said you were always crazy about Chinese culture.上次你来我们学校的时候，你说过你非常喜欢中国文化。必背短语1：1. bring to life 使苏醒；使复苏；使清醒；使复活come to life苏醒；清醒2. make notes 做笔记；记录take notes3. shelter from 躲避；免受；抵挡shelter sb from protect/defend sb from保护某人不受打击/伤害4. hesitate to do 对做某事犹豫不决；犹豫要不要做某事hesitate abou
6、t doingdo/does/did/will not hesitate to do 毫不犹豫做某事without (any) hesitation 毫不犹豫5. hold up举起；阻挡；拦截hold on (to) 紧紧抓住；不放弃；别挂电话hang on (to)6. of any/some use 有些用处 useful (of + n. adj.)of no value (importance/help) 没有价值(不重要/没有帮助的)of little value (importance/help) 几乎没有价值(重要性/帮助)of great/much value (import
7、ance/help) 非常有价值(重要/有帮助)of various colors 颜色各异的of different sizes 大小不同的of the same age 同龄的of the same height/weight/shape 高度/重量/形状相同的7. take sb for 把某人当8. take down set down/write down 写下；记下9. hands over 交出；移交 hand on 传递hand out 分发；分给hand in 上交hand up举手hand down传给(后代)10. be mistaken about 误解mistake
8、for 把错当成by mistake 错误地11. What if 要是又怎样；如果会怎么样；即使又如何12. classify sb/sth as 把某人/物划分为classify by/according to 根据来对进行分类classify into把分成 (常用被动语态be classified into 被分成)13. condemn sb to 宣判某人某种刑罚；使某人注定；be condemned/sentenced to death/10 years in prison 被判处死刑/十年有期徒刑14. pass off as 把某人改变或冒充为pass away去世pass
9、by 经过；路过；走过pass through通过；穿过；经历pass (on) to把传递给15. seek/try ones fortune 碰运气make a fortune 发财16. generally speaking 一般来说exactly speaking 准确来说；确切来说 to be exacthonestly/frankly speaking 老实说；说实话 to be honest/frankroughly speaking 粗略地说strictly speaking 严格来说 to be strict17. in terms of 谈及；就而言；在方面come to
10、terms with和达成协议；in the long/short term 从长/短期来看18. rob sb of sth 抢某人某物steal sth from sb 偷某人某物课文词块翻译1：1. in all directions 向/朝四面八方2. betray themselves 暴露本来面目；原形毕露3. make ones acquaintance make the acquaintance of sb 结识某人4. a handful of 一把；少量的；一小部分必背句型2：1. Id never have come if Id known about this disg
11、usting thing you want me to do. (此句用了虚拟语气，表示与过去相反的情况。虚拟条件句中用had done, 主句用would/could/should/might have done)仿写：If you had told me yesterday, I would have helped you. 如果你昨天告诉我，我就可以帮助你了。必背短语2：1. deep in 专心于；全神贯注于；深陷于deep in work 埋头工作deep in thought 陷入沉思2. show sb in 领某人进来show sb out 领某人出去show sb aroun
12、d (sp.) 带某人参观(某地)show off 炫耀；卖弄show up 出现；露面3. the other day 不久前的一天；前两天（与一般过去时搭配）4. take away 带走take on承担；呈现；雇用；穿上take up拿起；开始从事；占据take down记下；拿下；拆卸take in吸收；领会；理解；接受；欺骗take off 起飞；脱下；成功5. treat sb like 把某人视为treat sb/sth as 把当作treat sb to sth 用招待/款待某人6. have the face to do 居然有脸做；恬不知耻做be faced with f
13、ace 面对；面临7. compromise (with sb) (on sth)make a compromise (with sb) (on sth) (就某事)(与某人)妥协come to/arrive at / reach a compromise 达成妥协8. need to be done need doing 需要被做9. disgusting 令人厌恶的 disgusted 厌恶的；厌烦的be disgusted at/with/by 对厌恶/厌烦/反感to ones disgust 让某人厌恶的是；令某人反感的是10. in need of 需要in danger of 处在
14、危险中in charge of 负责；掌握in favour of 支持in honor of 为了纪念；为了向表示敬意in memory of 为了怀/纪念11. fade out (声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡fade away 逐渐消失；逐渐减弱；褪色课文词块翻译2：1. fancy oneself (as) 自以为是，自命不凡2. a bit of luck 有点幸运简易语法归纳：过去分词作状语一、语法回顾：过去分词作定语、表语和补足语，相当于形容词1. 过去分词的基本功能：表完成或被动2. 作定语、表语和补足语时与现在分词的区别：及物动词的现在分词一般表示主动和进行中，而其过去分词一般
15、既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的现在分词强调主动进行中，而其过去分词只强调完成3. 表示情感和心理活动的动词其 -ed形式一般表示“感到的”；而其-ing多表示 “令人的”4. 作定语时的位置：单个前置(特殊情况除外)；短语后置5. 过去分词用在want，wish，like，expect，order等动词的后面作宾语补足语，其前面一般省略了to be，故一般表示未发生的被动动作二、过去分词作状语：相当于副词(一)逻辑关系与位置1. 过去分词作状语，用于修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即句子的主语与过去分词为被动关系。2. 过去分词作状语，往往会用逗号与主干隔开，可以置于句首，也可置于句末，还可以插在句子主语与谓语之间，前后用逗号隔开。Caught (catch) in a heavy rain, he was all
