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1、高二英语人教版选修8期末知识点总结Unit 1 A land of diversity 必背句型1：1. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.(what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语；从句中what充当know的宾语)类似句型：Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of wh
2、at we now call the United States. (从句中what充当call的宾语)仿写：I realized that I had been transported into the future of what was still my hometown.比较：My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to where I live.2. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousan
3、d years ago.(it is likely that 很有可能；可与句型 sb/sth be likely to do互换)仿写：It is likely that we will study online at home for one more month.我们很可能得再在家网上学习一个月。 We are likely to study at home for one more month.3. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was
4、to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. (the first/second/last + to do)类似句型：The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States.仿写：At 50 I was the first woman to travel (travel) alone to the North Pole.4. That is why today over 40% of Califor
5、nians speak Spanish as a first or second language. (Thats why后接结果，意为“那就是的原因，一般前文已经说明原因)仿写：He is addicted to computer games, and that is why he is left behind others. 他迷恋电脑游戏，这就是他落后于别人的原因。The reason why he has had such a success is that he never gives up. 他取得如此成功的原因是他从不放弃。He never gives up. That is w
6、hy he has had such a success.He has had such a success. This is because he never gives up.5. It was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. (强调句型)仿写：It is the ability to do the job that matters (重要), not where you
7、come from or what you are. 是你做事的能力才重要，而不是你的来历或身份。6. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.(It is believed/reported/thought/supposed that人们；据)仿写：It is be
8、lieved that greenhouse gases are the main causes of global warming.人们认为温室气体是全球变暖的主要原因。必背短语1：1. compare with/to 把和相比较2. live on 继续存在；继续生存；以为食；靠生活The doctors passed away but their spirits will live on forever. 这些医生们走了，但他们的精神将永存。The poor disabled couple live on a small income. 这对可怜的残疾夫妇靠微薄的收入生活。近义词：fee
9、d on以为食3. by means of 用办法，借助by this means 用这种方式/法by all means 无论如何；当然可以(口语)by no means 决不；无论如何都不(放句首时句子要倒装)4. in addition 此外；而且 additionally; besides; furthermore; moreover in addition to 除之外，加之5. fight against 与作斗争fight with 与作斗争；与并肩作战fight for 为而战斗6. settled in 安顿下来；适应7. the majority (of) 大多数(接可数或
10、不可数名词，作主语时谓语与后面的名词保持一致)The majority of work has (have) been finished before dark. 天黑之前大部分工作已经被完成了。in the majority 占大多数8. declare war on/ against 对宣战9. make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生make/earn a/ones living谋生10. elect vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人 election n. 选举；当选elect as 选举某人为 elect to do选择做Donald J. Trump was ele
11、cted as the 45th president of the US in 2016. 特朗普于2016年当选为美国第45任总统。11. a large percentage (of) 大多数的；大量的 12. keep up 坚持；维持；保持；(使)继续；沿袭(风俗、传统等)keep up with 跟上13. become/be home to 是的所在地；是的家；是的根据地课文词块翻译1：1. the third largest state 第三大州2. in the early 16th century 在16世纪初期in the late 19th century 在20世纪末期
12、in the 1860s 在19世纪60年代3. at the beginning of the 20th century 在20世纪初期4. all over the world 全世界5. achieve/realize ones dream 实现的梦想必背句型2：1. It occurred to sb that 某人突然想起类似句型：It hit/struck sb that某人突然想起仿写：It occurred to me that he might be interested in the problem we had discussed. 我突然想到他可能会对我们讨论的问题感兴
13、趣。2. Built in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie, who wanted to find a better form of transport than horsedrawn trams. (Built in 1873过去分词短语作状语；who引导非限制性定语从句)仿写：Born in a poor family, Nadia had only two years of schooling. 由于出生于贫寒家庭，Nadia只上过两年学。3. It has blue and white signs w
14、ith seagulls on them to show the way to go.(with复合结构：with宾语宾语补足语，在句中作定语)仿写：She saw a small river with green grass and red flowers on both sides. 她看到一条小河，两岸长满了红花绿草。必背短语2：1. back to back 背靠背neck and neck肩并肩hand in hand 手拉手2. make comments/a comment (on) 评论；评价3. feel like (doing) 想要(做)4. team up with 与
15、合作或一起工作come up with 提出(建议、想法等)catch up with追上，赶上put up with忍受；容忍keep up with跟上，赶上5. mark out 划线；标出界线 be marked with. 标记着, 以形式纪念When doing my reading, I often mark out what I regard as important in a book.6. take in 包括；吸收；领会，理解；欺骗；留宿，收留7. a number of 若干；许多 (后接可数名词复数)an increasing number of/ a growing number of 越来越多的(后接可数名词复数)8. a great/good many = many；a large/great number of 许多；大量(后接可数名词复数)A good many teenagers are addicted to computer games. 许多青少年沉迷于电脑游戏。A great ma
