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1、高二英语人教版选修8期末知识点总结Unit 2 Cloning 必背句型1：1. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated. (while为并列连词，位于两个分句中间，表示转折对比，译为“然而”“却”)仿写：It just isnt fair. I was working as a waiter in a restaurant last month, while my friends were lying on the beach, enjoying the sunshine. 不公平
2、啊。上个月我在餐馆里当服务员而我的朋友却躺在沙滩上晒日光浴。2. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. (then位于句首引起完全倒装；that引导同位语从句。)仿写：Then came the exciting news that our team won the game. 然后传来了令人兴奋的消息，我们队赢了比赛。3. Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficul
3、t to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions. (needed for过去分词短语作后置定语；sth/sb be +adj. +to do往往在to do前省略了for sb, 故一般用主动形式；hoping to现在分词短语作后置定语)仿写：Many students feel that staying at home studying all the day is too difficult to tolerate. 许多学生感觉整天呆在家
4、里学习太难忍受。仿写：The boy studying online for two months feels his home is a lonely island cut off from the outside world. 这个男孩网上学习了两个月，觉得他的家就像是一个与世隔绝的孤岛。必背短语1：1. differ from (in sth)be different from；vary from (在方面)不同于；与不同make a difference (to) (对)有影响；(对)有关系He differs greatly from his brother in looks.At
5、the age of five Helen began to realize she was different from other people.Your support will certainly make a difference in our career.2. exact adj.准确的；精确的；严谨的，一丝不苟的 exactly adv. 恰好；精确地；正确地to be exact 确切地说；准确地说 exactly speaking 确切地说；严格地说来 To be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and hel
6、p us understand and adjust our emotions. 确切地说，其他人能够增加我们的智商，帮助我们理解并调整我们的情绪。3. (large) quantities of +U/C大量的 (作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数)注意：a (large) quantity of +U/C作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与其后所接的名词保持一致4. undertake (undertook；undertaken) vt.着手；从事；承担；保证；承诺，答应 undertake sth 从事/承担某事undertake to do答应/同意做某事undertake that 保证/承诺一句
7、多译：借书时他答应一个月内会把书还给我。He undertook to return the book to me in one month when he borrowed it.He undertook that he would return the book to me in one month when he borrowed it.5. pay off vi. 得到好结果；取得成功；vt. 偿清pay (sb) (money) (for sth) (为某事/物)付(给某人)()钱pay back 偿还；报复pay a visit to visit 拜访；参观How much did
8、 you pay for the book?The supermarket, which he had ever paid a visit to, was burnt to the ground.Can you lend me 10? Ill pay you back on Friday.Five years later, Mr. Wang paid off the debts for his sons schooling.Is that true? Im glad that his efforts at last paid off6. on the one hand ; on the oth
9、er hand 一方面；另一方面7. cast down 使沮丧；使失望 (多用于被动语态)She was cast down when she heard the bad news. 听到这个坏消息，她很失望。8. objection n.反对；不赞成；异议object vi.反对；不赞成 n.目标；宾语objective adj. 客观的have /make /raise an objection to (doing) sth 反对(做)；对(做)有/提出异议object to (doing) sth反对(做)；不赞成(做)I do make an objection (object) t
10、o what you have said.My mother objected to my/me taking (take) part in the activity.We object to being blamed (blame) for what we havent done.9. have an impact/effect/influence on/upon 对有影响His unhappy childhood had a great impact/effect/influence on/upon his life.他不幸的童年生活对他产生了很大的影响。10. forbid (forba
11、de/forbad; forbidden) vt. 禁止；不准；不允许反义词：allow / permitallow/permit/forbid sb sth 允许/禁止某人某事allow/permit/forbid (doing) sth允许/禁止(做)某事allow/permit/forbid sb to do sth允许/禁止某人做某事forbid sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事We forbid smoking in the office. 我们办公室禁止吸烟。In some Chinese restaurants, customers are forbidden t
12、o bring their own alcohol and drinks. 在中国一些餐馆，客人不可以自带酒水。一句多译：在疫情期间，政府禁止人们四处走动。During the coronavirus epidemic, the government forbade people to get around. During the coronavirus epidemic, the government forbade people from getting around.课文词块翻译1：1. make a copy of copy 复制2. research on/into 对的研究3. b
13、e appropriate to/for 适当，合适；适合于；对很合适4. make corrections/ a correction (on) correct 纠正；改正5. raised a storm of 引起的风暴6. attain their ambitions 实现他们的野心必背句型2：1. Based on what we know now, you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years. (Based on 过去分词短语作状语；what引导宾语从句充当介词on的宾语)类似句型
14、：Unfortunately, with what we know now, this is either impossible or unsuitable.仿写：Amazed at what we told her, she kept silent for a while and then began to sob. 吃惊于我们告诉她的情况,她一时说不出话来,然后开始抽泣。2. Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways. (with复合结构：with+宾语+宾补作
15、后置定语,修饰animals)仿写：In the room the police saw a young woman tied to a chair with her mouth covered by a cloth. 警察在房间里发现一个年轻的女人被绑在椅子上,嘴巴被一块布封住。必背短语2：1. owe sb sth 欠某人某物 owe sth to sb owe to 把归功于owing to因为；由于 because of；due to；as a result ofAt last his determination and patience paid off but he owed his success to his family and friends.最后他的决心和耐心获得了成功，他却把他的成功归功于他的家人。2. make up ones mind (to do) 下定决心(做) decide/be determined to do3. bother vt. 打扰 vi. 操心 n. 烦扰bother to do sth 操心做某事It bothers sb that
