《1992 Cerebrospinal fluid antibodies to coronavirus in patients with Parkinson_s disease》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《1992 Cerebrospinal fluid antibodies to coronavirus in patients with Parkinson_s disease（6页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Movement Disorders Vol. 7, No. 2, 1992, pp. 153-158 0 1992 Movement Disorder Society Cerebrospinal Fluid Antibodies to Coronavirus in Patients with Parkinsons Disease Enrico Fazzini, *John Fleming, and Stanley Fahn Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia-Presbyterian Me
2、dical Center, New York, New York; *Department of Neurology, University o f California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A. Summary: The etiology of Parkinsons disease remains unknown, and a search for environmental agents continues. In 1985, Fishman (10) induced infection of the basal gan
3、glia by a coronavirus in mice. Although coronavirus is recognized primarily as a respiratory pathogen in humans, its affinity for the basal ganglia led us to investigate its possible role in human Parkinsons disease. The cere- brospinal fluid of normal controls (CTL) (n = 18), and patients with Park
4、in- sons disease (PD (n = 20) and other neurological disease (OND) (n = 29) was analyzed in a blinded manner by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay mea- surements in optical density (OD) units for antibody response to four coro- navirus antigens: mouse hepatitis virus JHM (J) and A59 (A), and human co
5、ronavirus 229E (E) and OC43 (0). When compared with CTL, PD patients had an elevated (p 0.05) to 0 (0.0839 vs. 0.0071) was greater than that to E (0.1261 vs. 0.0743). When compared to OND, PD patients had an elevated mean OD response to J (0.0856 vs. 0.0267, p 0.05) to A (0.1722 vs. 0.0929) and 0 (0
6、.0839 vs. 0.0446) were greater than that to E (0.1261 vs. 0.0946). These results suggest that there may be an association between coronavirus and PD. Key Words: Parkinsons diseas+Coronavirus- Environmental factors. The etiology of Parkinsons disease (PD) remains unknown, although it is probable that
7、 there exists a multitude of environmental agents that have in com- mon a selective affinity for the substantia nigra (1- 3). Viruses that have been implicated in causing en- cephalitis and parkinsonism include those responsi- ble for the epidemic in the early 1900s (1916-1930) known as von Economos
8、 encephalitis, western equine, coxsackie, and Japanese B viruses (4). Coronaviruses are a group of RNA-containing vi- ruses named for their widely spaced, club-shaped surface projections. Coronaviruses were first iso- Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. E. Fazzini at New York Universi
9、ty Medical Center, 650 First Av- enue, 4th floor, New York, NY 10016, U.S.A. lated from humans in the mid-1960s in patients with the common cold (5). There are at least 10 species that have been identified, including human corona- virus (HCV), murine hepatitis virus (MHV), bovine coronavirus (BCV),
10、haemagglutinating encephalo- myelitis virus (HEV) of pigs, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) of chicken, turkey coronavirus (TCV), and others (6,7). There are three distinct antigenic groups into which the 10 species are classified; HCV of the OC43 strain bear antigenic resemblance to the first grou
11、p (along with MHV, BCV, and HEV), whereas those HCV of the 229E strain share common antigens with the second group (8). Coro- naviruses are capable of producing both acute and chronic persistent infections in humans and ani- mals; natural transmission between species is pos- 153 154 E. FAZZINI ET AL
12、. sible leading to clinically inapparent or atypical in- fections (9). In 1985, Fishman et al. (10) reported a selective affinity of coronavirus MHV-A59 for the basal gan- glia in C57 Black mice. Mice were observed to have a hunched posture with marked locomotion diffi- culty. Death due to encephali
13、tis or hepatitis usually occurred within 2 weeks. Animals demonstrated ex- tra- and intracellular vacuolation, neuronal loss, and gliosis in the substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus. It had been previously thought that only the JHM strain of MHV was capable of infecting neurons, producing demyel
14、ination and encephalitis (1 1). In 1955, Kersting and Pette demonstrated that MHV- JHM was capable of causing localized infection of the basal ganglia in monkeys (12). The findings of Fishman et al. (10) raised the possibility that other species of coronaviruses might also have the pro- pensity to i
15、nduce parkinsonism. The present inves- tigation was undertaken in order to determine if pa- tients with Parkinsons disease had any evidence of central nervous system infection with coronavi- ruses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Viruses and Cells For this study, HCV-229E was grown on mono- layers of L132 cel
16、ls (13). The HCV-OC43 was prop- ogated on HRT cells (14). The identity of these vi- ruses was confirmed in binding assays with the use of reference antisera (nos. V-361-501-588 and V-360-701-562; National Institutes of Health, Be- thesda, MD, U.S.A.). The MHV-JHM and MHV- A59 were grown on DBT cells as previously described (15). Each virus was prepared under se- rum-free conditions. Supernatants from infected cultures were clarified by centrifugation at 400 g for 10 min and stored
